Cardiac autonomic function and baroreflex changes following 4 weeks of resistance versus aerobic training in individuals with pre‐hypertension

Collier, Scott R.; Kanaley, Jill A.; Carhart, Robert; Frechette, Vincent; Tobin, Melissa; Bennett, Nathan; Luckenbaugh, Amy N.; Fernhall, Bo

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01897.x

Cited by 106 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with our findings, recent studies have shown that peak FBF increases 25 and 60 min after a bout of resistance exercise in young healthy men. 16,31 However, the exercise protocols consisted of exclusively 16 or predominantly 31 upper-body exercises (63%), suggesting that local exercise-induced vasodilatory metabolites and not NO 32 may have influenced this response. Because peak FBF increased in the non-exercised arm, our results suggest that a bout of leg resistance exercise increases forearm vasodilation by endothelium-derived NO 33 in overweight women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

Kingsley

Figueroa

2011

J Hum Hypertens

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The vascular responses to acute resistance exercise and resistance exercise training (RET) in overweight women are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and wave reflection responses to acute resistance exercise before and after RET. In all, 24 overweight/obese (28.5 ± 0.6 kg m À2 ) women (44 ± 1 years of age) volunteered for this study. Forearm blood flow (FBF), vasodilatory capacity in response to reactive hyperemia (peak FBF) and wave reflection (radial tonometry) were measured, before and 15 min after five sets of leg press at 10-repetition maximum (RM). Measures of pulse wave reflection included the augmentation index (AIx) and the time of the reflected wave (Tr). Measurements were collected at baseline, after a 4-week control period (before RET) and after 12 weeks of whole-body RET using three sets of five exercises at 50-60% of 1-RM. There were no differences in vascular measurements at baseline or before RET for any variable. Resting FBF (66.7%) and peak FBF (51.6%) increased significantly (Po0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Postexercise FBF (48.9%) and peak FBF (41.1%) also increased significantly (Po0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Post-exercise AIx decreased significantly (Po0.05), whereas Tr increased significantly (Po0.05) compared with rest at all time points. However, AIx and Tr were unaltered by RET. The 12-week wholebody RET increased the resting and post-exercise FBF as well as vasodilatory capacity without changing wave reflection in premenopausal overweight women. RET may be an important non-pharmacological therapy for reducing cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese premenopausal women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

Kingsley

Figueroa

2011

J Hum Hypertens

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“…21,[27][28][29] Many studies have demonstrated that HT volunteers exhibit a reduction in HRV that is associated with a decrease in vagal autonomic modulation and an increase in sympathetic modulation. [30][31][32] Our study demonstrated that untreated HT volunteers presented an increase in HVR that was characterized by an increase in total variance in the RRi compared with NT and HT volunteers treated with Enalapril.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 The benefits of aerobic physical training on cardiac autonomic control have been well documented in experimental and clinical studies. [19][20][21] Regular physical exercise promotes a tonic decrease in sympathetic autonomic control and an increase in vagal control. 22,23 However, the effects of physical exercise and ACEis, alone or in combination, on heart-rate variability and the capacity for autonomic balance rearrangement (for example, during the tilt test) have not been investigated in hypertensive (HT) patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise improves cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients independently of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment

et al. 2011

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We investigated the influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) treatment and physical exercise on arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in volunteer patients with hypertension. A total of 54 sedentary volunteers were divided into three groups: normotensive (NT Group), hypertensive (HT Group) and HT volunteers treated with ACEi (ACEi Group). All volunteers underwent an aerobic physical-training protocol for 15 weeks. HRV was investigated using a spectral analysis of a time series of R-R interval (RRi) that was obtained in a supine position and during a tilt test. Physical training promoted a significant reduction in the mean arterial pressure of the HT group (113 ± 3 vs. 106 ± 1 mm Hg) and the ACEi group (104 ± 2 vs. Keywords: aerobic physical training; angiotensin; heart rate variability INTRODUCTION Hypertension is highly prevalent in the adult population and represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. 1,2 This condition is directly related to the development of cardiovascular diseases, encephalic vascular accident and renal insufficiency. 3 The risk factors for hypertension are associated with many other factors, including lifestyle. 4 The excessive ingestion of salt and alcohol, obesity, smoking and sedentariness represent the main behavioral factors that contribute to the occurrence and development of hypertension. 5 The treatment of hypertension consists mainly of a pharmacological approach, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) are an important class of medications. 6 ACEis reduce arterial pressure (AP) by decreasing the peripheral vascular resistance, and they reduce cardiac hypertrophy and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. 7-9 Additionally, ACEis have an important role in cardiac autonomic control. Some studies have shown that ACEi treatment of hypertension in experimental animals and humans improves baroreflex

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“…Alguns estudos mostraram que o treinamento aeróbio melhora o balanço simpato-vagal avaliado por meio da VFC, aumentando a atividade parassimpática e/ou reduzindo a atividade simpática, sendo que o primeiro tem efeito cardioprotetor (CARTER et al, 2003;COLLIER et al, 2009;STEIN et al, 1999). Assim, a melhor modulação autonômica parece ser importante tanto para a saúde, reduzindo o risco de incidência de problemas cardiovasculares (TSUJI et al, 1996), quanto para a organização e prescrição do treinamento aeróbio (KIVINIEMI et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Porém, diferentemente do estímulo aeróbio, o treinamento de força parece não influenciar na mesma magnitude a modulação autonômica cardíaca. A maior parte dos estudos que tentou verificar essa possível influência não apresentou resultados que mostrassem alterações significantes nos parâmetros de VFC de repouso (COLLIER et al, 2009;COOKE;CARTER, 2005;TAKAHASHI et al, 2009). No entanto, Taylor et al (2003) observaram uma tendência no aumento da VFC de repouso após um programa de treinamento isométrico de 10 semanas na tarefa de preensão manual aplicado em idosos hipertensos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

O treinamento de força com e sem o uso da plataforma vibratória é capaz de modular a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em repouso?

Urso

Okuno

Batista

et al. 2012

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Resumo: Esse trabalho comparou a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de repouso antes e após 10 semanas de treinamento de força de grupos que usaram e não usaram a plataforma vibratória. Dezessete homens saudáveis foram divididos nos grupos treinamento de força convencional (TF) ou treinamento de força sobre a plataforma vibratória a frequência de 30 Hz (TF+V30). As mensurações do desempenho de força dinâmica máxima (1-RM) no exercício meio agachamento e da VFC de repouso foram feitas antes e após o programa de treinamento. Ambos os grupos tiveram aumento significante da força no período pós (de 15,1% no grupo TF e de 16,4% no grupo TF+V30), no entanto esse aumento se alterou na mesma magnitude para os dois grupos, não havendo diferença entre eles no desempenho de 1-RM nos períodos pré e pós-treinamento. Não foi observada diferença nas comparações entre os grupos e nas situações pré e pós-treinamento nas análises da VFC de repouso, no entanto a magnitude do effect size foi moderada (ES = 0,50-0,80) para algumas variáveis (intervalo R-R, desvio-padrão da média de todos os intervalos R-R -SDNN, raiz quadrada da média dos quadrados das diferenças entre os intervalos R-R sucessivos -RMSSD, componente de baixa frequência ajustada por meio de logarítmico -InLF e componente de alta frequência ajustada por meio de logarítmico -InHF) no grupo TF+V30 após o período de treinamento. Conclui-se que 10 semanas de treinamento de força com e sem a presença da vibração proporcionou aumento semelhante no desempenho de 1-RM em ambos os grupos e, embora o estímulo adicional da vibração tenha dado indícios de maior atividade vagal analisado por meio do ES, nenhum dos grupos apresentou alteração significante da VFC. Palavras-chave: Vibração. Sistema nervoso autônomo. Força muscular. Strength training with and without a vibration platform is capable to modulate heart rate variability?Abstract: The current research compared resting heart rate variability (VFC) before and after 10 weeks of strength training in groups that used and did not use a vibration platform. Seventeen healthy men were divided into conventional strength training (TF) or strength training using a vibration platform with a frequency of 30 Hz (TF+V30) training groups. One repetition maximum load (1-RM) on half squat exercise and VFC measurements were determined pre-and post-training program. Both groups had improved 1-RM load after the program (15.1% in TF group and 16.4% in TF+V30 group), although this increase was changed in the same extent for the two groups and there was no difference in 1-RM load between groups pre-and post-training program. No significant difference was observed in resting VFC measurements between groups pre and post-training program, however the magnitude of the effect size was moderated (ES = 0.50-0.80) for some variables (R-R interval, standard deviation of all R-R interval -SDNN, RMSSD, log-transformed of low frequency -InLF, and log-transformed of high frequency -InHF) in TF+V30 group. It was concluded that 10 weeks of strength train...

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Cardiac autonomic function and baroreflex changes following 4 weeks of resistance versus aerobic training in individuals with pre‐hypertension

Abstract: Aerobic exercise improved the autonomic nervous system (increasing vagal tone, reducing sympathovagal balance while increasing BRS) while RE showed no improvements in cardiac autonomic tone and decreased BRS.

Cited by 106 publications

References 75 publications

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

Physical exercise improves cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients independently of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment

O treinamento de força com e sem o uso da plataforma vibratória é capaz de modular a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em repouso?

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