Cardiac and vascular remodelling: effect of antihypertensive agents

Abstract

The 1996 World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for mild hypertension stressed the need to evaluate target-organ lesions as treatment criteria. The effects of both vascular and heart remodelling on hypertension must to be taken into account, as they adversely influence the prognosis of patients with hypertension. It was previously demonstrated that at least three classes of antihypertensive agents were able to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension. Meta-analyses have shown that angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors seem to have a marked effect on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy

A Bioequivalence Comparison Between the Once‐Daily Extended‐Release Tablet and the Twice‐Daily Tablet Formulations of Deutetrabenazine at Steady State

“…Recent retrospective analyses of the Symphony Health Solutions’ Integrated Dataverse health claims database from May 2017 to May 2019 found that patients on deutetrabenazine for tardive dyskinesia and for Huntington's disease chorea had adherence rates of 53% and 63%, respectively 10,11 . These adherence rates are similar to those seen in previous studies of other chronic conditions (ie, high cholesterol or hypertension), which report adherence rates between 50% and 60% 12–17 . The effectiveness of medications for chronic diseases is likely diminished when patient adherence is suboptimal; thus, it is not surprising that poor medication adherence has been associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and health care costs 18 .…”

“…10,11 These adherence rates are similar to those seen in previous studies of other chronic conditions (ie, high cholesterol or hypertension), which report adherence rates between 50% and 60%. [12][13][14][15][16][17] The effectiveness of medications for chronic diseases is likely diminished when patient adherence is suboptimal; thus, it is not surprising that poor medication adherence has been associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. 18 A literature review of 20 studies conducted over a 21-year period on the effect of daily medication dosing frequency on medication adherence recorded by medication event monitoring systems concluded that patients receiving chronic treatment are more compliant with once-daily compared with twice-daily or thrice-daily treatment regimens, where once-daily dosing resulted in 13%-26% or 22%-41% more adherent days, respectively.…”

Modern technologies for improving elderly patients’ compliance

“…a single-pill once-a-day regimen is a gold standard of treatment [67] that is unreachable for the vast majority of patients nowadays, especially for elderly people with multimorbidity. Pill boxes are a classic approach to monitoring and improving compliance in self-managed therapy, especially with multidrug regimens [68], along with other methods such as regularly questioning the patient, counting pills used and remaining in packaging and blood sampling for drug levels [69]. The addition of electronics to pill boxes has opened new horizons, as their contents and exact day and time of their usage can be recorded [70] or even monitored remotely around the clock by medical personnel or caregivers, even triggering an audible reminder or a customised audiovisual alarm on the patient's smartphone [71].…”

Measurement Tools and Utility of Hair Analysis for Screening Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication

“…Furthermore, the primary outcome was based on a just one follow-up reading of the BP. Other studies also showed a poor correlation between levels of adherence and BP control [109,110]. This weak correlation could also be because adherent patients are not properly treated regarding dosage and type of drug.…”