Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by pesticide residues in commercially available ready-to-eat raisins of Iran based on Monte Carlo Simulation

Mahdavi, Vahideh; Gordan, Hasti; Peivasteh-Roudsari, Leila; Thai, Van Nam; Fakhri, Yadolah

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112253

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For OCP , the non-carcinogenic risk was assessed by the hazard quotient (HQ) (Eq. 5 ) and the total hazard quotient (THQ) 36 , 37 (Eq. 6 ): where, RfD OCPx = reference doses for “x” OCP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk of consuming Sphoeroides spp. from the Navachiste Lagoon complex due to its trace metals and organochlorine pesticides content

Muñoz-Armenta

Pérez-González

Rodríguez-Meza

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The Navachiste complex (NAV) is impacted by neighbored human activities and is located in the southwestern coastal zone of the Gulf of California. The study determines the trace metal (TM) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP) health risk content in the edible tissue of Sphoeroides spp. from NAV. The daily intakes (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were calculated. Twenty OCP and seven TM were detected. Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were above MRLs. The γ‒Chlordane was the most frequent OCP. The highest average concentration was for α‒HCH, followed by γ‒chlordane. With the high ratios of γ‒HCH, p, p′‒ DDD and p, p′‒DDD, and the absence of p, p′‒ DDT, the higher ratios for dieldrin and endrin than for aldrin, α‒ chlordane, γ‒chlordane, heptachlor, and heptachlor epoxide indicates historical contamination. In contrast, the residual products of methoxychlor, endosulfan, and its isomers indicate endosulfan's recent use. The TM EDI, THQ > 1 (at 120 g day−1), and the ILCR (> 1 × 10–6) were above minimum levels, showing a high-risk potential for cancer development in the long term.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk of consuming Sphoeroides spp. from the Navachiste Lagoon complex due to its trace metals and organochlorine pesticides content

Muñoz-Armenta

Pérez-González

Rodríguez-Meza

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…By using the Monte Carlo technique, all variables and parameters which are used in risk assessment are regarded as a probability distribution [42,183,184]. The level of cancer risk and the hazard quotient are calculated 10,000 times or more with randomly chosen values of variables and parameters covering their range of variability [170,185] and reproducing the assumed distribution density [186][187][188]. The results of a Monte Carlo health risk assessment are provided in the form of a probability distribution for a given risk [172,189].…”

Section: Monte Carlo Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Routes and Health Risks Associated with Pesticide Application

Tudi

et al. 2022

Toxics

115

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Pesticides play an important role in agricultural development. However, pesticide application can result in both acute and chronic human toxicities, and the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and human health remain a serious problem. There is therefore a need to discuss the application methods for pesticides, the routes of pesticide exposure, and the health risks posed by pesticide application. The health problems related to pesticide application and exposure in developing countries are of particular concern. The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific information for policymakers in order to allow the development of proper pesticide application technics and methods to minimize pesticide exposure and the adverse health effects on both applicators and communities. Studies indicate that there are four main pesticide application methods, including hydraulic spraying, backpack spraying, basal trunk spraying, and aerial spraying. Pesticide application methods are mainly selected by considering the habits of target pests, the characteristics of target sites, and the properties of pesticides. Humans are directly exposed to pesticides in occupational, agricultural, and household activities and are indirectly exposed to pesticides via environmental media, including air, water, soil, and food. Human exposure to pesticides occurs mainly through dermal, oral, and respiratory routes. People who are directly and/or indirectly exposed to pesticides may contract acute toxicity effects and chronic diseases. Although no segment of the general population is completely protected against exposure to pesticides and their potentially serious health effects, a disproportionate burden is shouldered by people in developing countries. Both deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessments have their advantages and disadvantages and both types of methods should be comprehensively implemented in research on exposure and human health risk assessment. Equipment for appropriate pesticide application is important for application efficiency to minimize the loss of spray solution as well as reduce pesticide residuals in the environment and adverse human health effects due to over-spraying and residues. Policymakers should implement various useful measures, such as integrated pest management (IPM) laws that prohibit the use of pesticides with high risks and the development of a national implementation plan (NIP) to reduce the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and on human health.

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“…Little information on the cancer risk attributable to food intake is available worldwide, and conflicting results have been reported (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Also, more information is needed concerning the foodderived pesticide-attributable risks for large-scale populations, as in Brazil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated

Valentim

Fagundes²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for Control of Waste and Contaminants (PNCRC).Results and discussionFirst, we characterized the main pesticide residues detected over the maximum limits allowed by legislation or those prohibited for use in food samples analyzed across the country. Based on this list, we estimated the dietary cancer risks for some of the selected pesticides. Finally, we searched for data about dietary cancer risks and carcinogenic mechanisms of each pesticide. We also provided a critical analysis concerning the pesticide scenario in Brazil, aiming to discuss the food contamination levels observed from a geographical, political, and public health perspective. Exposures to pesticides in Brazil violate a range of human rights when food and water for human consumption are contaminated.

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Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by pesticide residues in commercially available ready-to-eat raisins of Iran based on Monte Carlo Simulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Health risk of consuming Sphoeroides spp. from the Navachiste Lagoon complex due to its trace metals and organochlorine pesticides content

Health risk of consuming Sphoeroides spp. from the Navachiste Lagoon complex due to its trace metals and organochlorine pesticides content

Exposure Routes and Health Risks Associated with Pesticide Application

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated

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