Carcass Composting for Management of Farm Mortalities: A Review

Kalbasi, Ahmad; Mukhtar, Saqib; Hawkins, S. E.; Auvermann, Brent W.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.2005.10702239

Cited by 82 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…An animal carcass is a great source of pathogens, drug toxins and other chemicals, which must be eliminated or reduced to safe values to minimize their potential risk (BERGE et al, 2009). Thus, the composting of animals has be incorporated to prevent the transmission and spread of an infection (KALBASI et al, 2005) and to reduce the pathogenic microorganisms to appropriate levels (BERGE et al, 2009). Therefore, it is considered a resource that shows positive results on environmental and health aspects (SOTO et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of production factors on feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs

Silva

Novais

Santos

et al. 2017

SCA

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The aim of this study was to identify and quantify, through mathematical models, the production factors of grow-finishing (GF) phases that influence the daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in pigs. Sixty-five GF farms were evaluated between 2010 and 2013, linked to a cooperative system located in the western Parana State, Brazil, representing 463 batches, with a mean of 642.79 ± 363.29 animals per batch, equalling approximately 300,000 animals. Forty production factors were considered that related to management, sanitation, installations and equipment, nutrition, genetics and environment on the farms. The DFI was influenced by the barn's position relative to the sun (P = 0.048), initial body weight (P < 0.0001) and final body weight (P < 0.0001). It was observed that the FCR was influenced by the barn's position relative to the sun (P = 0.0001), the use of humidifiers/misting (P = 0.03), the presence of composters (P = 0.006), trees on the sides of barns (P < 0.045), the initial body weight of the pigs (P<0.0001) and duration of the grow-finishing phase (P < 0.0001). The variables selected in the models explained approximately 44 and 20% of the total variance in the DFI and FCR, respectively, demonstrating that this resource is a good tool for interpreting the factors related to the parameters evaluated. Key words: Management. Multilevel modelling. Swine. ResumoObjetivou-se neste estudo identificar e quantificar, através de modelos matemáticos, os fatores de produção presentes em unidades de crescimento e terminação (CT) de suínos que influenciam os parâmetros consumo diário de ração (CDR) e conversão alimentar (CA). Foram avaliados o histórico produtivo de 65 granjas de CT entre os anos de 2010 e 2013, vinculadas a um sistema cooperativo localizado na região oeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, representando 463 lotes com média de 642,79 ± 363,29 animais por lote, totalizando aproximadamente 300.000 animais. Foram considerados 40 fatores de produção relacionados ao manejo, sanidade, instalações e equipamentos, nutrição, genética e ambiente. Observou-se que o CDR foi influenciado pela posição dos barracões em relação ao sol (P = 0,048), pelo peso de entrada (P < 0,0001) e de saída (P < 0,0001). Para a variável CA a posição dos barracões em relação ao sol (P = 0,0001), o uso de umidificadores/nebulizadores (P = 0,03), a presença de composteira (P = 0,006) e de árvores nas laterais dos barracões (P = 0,045), o peso de entrada (P < 0,0001) e a duração da fase de CT (P < 0,0001) influenciaram o parâmetro. As variáveis selecionadas nos modelos explicaram aproximadamente 44 e 20% da variância total do CDR e CA, respectivamente, sendo este recurso uma boa ferramenta para interpretar os fatores relacionados com os parâmetros avaliados. Palavras-chave: Manejo. Modelagem multinível. Suínos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of production factors on feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs

Silva

Novais

Santos

et al. 2017

SCA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A mortality compost pile may contain an animal of large mass, having a high moisture content, low C:N ratio and nearly zero porosity, surrounded by a material (the carbon source) with a high C:N ratio, moderate moisture level and good porosity (Keener & Ellwell, 2006). Kalbasi et al (2005) aptly described mortality composting as the above ground burial of dead animals in a mound of supplemental carbon such as sawdust, litter, straw or wood shavings. Sufficient supplemental carbon is required around the carcass to absorb bodily fluids and to prevent odours from escaping from the pile.…”

Section: Brief Comparison With Conventional Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composting is particularly suitable for broiler-farm mortalities and litter. In the case of EAD outbreaks, composting can be conducted either inside or outside the poultry house following euthanasia (Kalbasi et al, 2005;Mukhtar et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Farm Composting of Dead Stock

Wilkinson¹

2011

Integrated Waste Management - Volume II

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“…Cooperative Extension, 14,15 and the National Agricultural Biosecurity Center at Kansas State University 2 and by the Alberta Provincial government. 11 These groups have provided reviews and databases of resources that describe the economic, environmental, and technical aspects of on-farm composting, including the composting of carcasses.…”

Section: Bsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,14,22 For optimum carcass composting, recommended conditions include an initial carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in the range of 25:1 to 30:1, an initial moisture content of 50% to 60%, and an initial oxygen concentration > 10%. These conditions facilitate thermophilic composting and supporting temperatures of 43° to 66°C (109.4° to 150.8°F), which are optimal for compost microorganisms.…”

Section: Principles and Elements Of Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%