Carboxymethylcellulase production by the anaerobic rumen fungusNeocallimastix sp. GMLF7

Abstract

-Anaerobic fungi have highly active fibrolytic enzymes and these enzymes are attractive for scientific research. We isolated a ruminal fungus of the genus Neocallimastix sp., named GMLF7, which could survive on a variety of cellulosic material such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), fibrous cellulose, avicel and wheat straw. Carboxymethylcellulase production was investigated with the above carbon sources and high CMCase activity was obtained with CMC (73.75 U/ml), fibrous cellulose (72.68 U/ml) and avicel (70.03 U/ml). While growth temperature of the microorganism was 39 o C, for CMCase activity optimal temperature was 50 o C and optimal pH 6.5. Enzyme reached maximum activity in 60-180 min at 50 o C. Substrate concentration also affected the enzyme activity which was increased more than 2 fold with 40 mg/ml CMC. Activity was measured in presence of various divalent ions and reagents, and Co 2+ and DTT has a positive effect on the enzyme activity.

Influence of transgenic Bt176 and non-transgenic corn silage on the structure of rumen bacterial communities

“…The rumen habitat is characterized by complex microbial communities with a large degree of overlap in substrate degradation capabilities and cross-feeding nets (Hungate et al 1988;Stahl et al 1988;Tajima et al 2000;Ziemer et al 2000;Sadet et al 2007;Lanyasunya et al 2007;Comlekcioglu et al 2008;Shelke et al 2009). The structure and diversity of rumen microbiota is strictly influenced by animal feeding behavior.…”

Heterologous expression of an endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene from the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces PC-2 in Trichoderma reesei

“…These fungi produce cellulolytic enzymes with much greater specific activity than those found in aerobic fungi and, therefore, are very efficient in degrading crystalline cellulose (Qiu et al 2000;Comlekcioglu et al 2008;Tsai et al 2003). However, it is unlikely that anaerobic fungi will be used in the industrial preparation of cellulolytic enzymes, due to their slow and strictly anaerobic growth.…”

Esansiyel Yağların Eklenmesinin, Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Rumen Funguslarının Yaşama Oranları ve Lignoselülolitik Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri

“…Overall, 30-35% of total biodegradation of the plant biomass ingested by ruminant herbivores could be attributed to this group of rumen microorganisms. AGF produce highly active cellulases and hemicellulases and especially β-glucanase, xylanases and xylan debranching enzymes (Borneman et al, 1993, Comlekcioglu et al, 2008Ozkose et al, 2009). They possess the unique capacity to penetrate the surface cuticle of plants, and the lignified tissues of cell walls (Akin et al, 1990;Akin, 1989).…”