Carbonyl Sulfide Derived Polymers

Alternating Copolymerization of Epoxides with Isothiocyanates

“…One well-known example is the discovery by Inoue in 1969 of the alternating copolymerization of epoxides with CO 2 : this topic has received extensive attention especially during the past two decades to address the issue of over emission of CO 2 ; various aliphatic polycarbonates could be generated by alternating copolymerization of epoxides with CO 2 through metal-based catalysis, − with heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis and through a recently reported metal-free initiating system . The successful copolymerization of epoxides with CO 2 triggered attempts at copolymerization of epoxides with anhydrides, ,− carbonyl sulfide, , or carbon disulfide; − polymers carrying ester or thiocarbonate linkages could be generated through the use of similar or the same initiating systems as those first disclosed for the copolymerization of epoxides with CO 2 . As common characteristics, comonomers such as CO 2 , carbonyl sulfide, and anhydrides that were copolymerized with epoxides are known to be unable to homopolymerize.…”

Organocatalytic Synthesis of Poly(thiocarbonate) from Xylose and Carbonyl Sulfide

“…Sulfur-containing polymers represent a valuable class of macromolecules with various unique characteristics. 1,2 3 The incorporation of such groups into polymers can create attractive properties, such as electrical, 4 optical, 5 mechanical, 6 bonding to metals, 7 durability to chemicals, heat, bacteria, and so on, which determine their multifunctional applications. 8,9 Accordingly, sulfur-containing polymers have demonstrated extremely promising applications for engineering plastics, solid electrolytes, and optical and optoelectronic materials.…”

“…Sulfur-containing polymers represent a valuable class of macromolecules with various unique characteristics. , Sulfur atoms are in the form of functional groups in the polymer structure, such as sulfide −S–, polysulfide −S n –, sulfinyl −SO–, sulfonyl −SO 2 –, thioester −CO–S–, thiocarbonate −O–CO–S–, −O–CS–O–, −S–CO–S–, or −S–CS–S–, and thiouretane −NH–CO–S–, −NH–CS–O–, or −NH–CS–NH– . The incorporation of such groups into polymers can create attractive properties, such as electrical, optical, mechanical, bonding to metals, durability to chemicals, heat, bacteria, and so on, which determine their multifunctional applications. , Accordingly, sulfur-containing polymers have demonstrated extremely promising applications for engineering plastics, solid electrolytes, and optical and optoelectronic materials. , In the past decade, huge breakthroughs have been made in the synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers. − …”

“…Figure1. (a)1 H and (b)13 C NMR spectra of the purified copolymer (entry 1 in Table1). (c) MALDI-TOF MS of the low-M n copolymer (entry 1 in TableS1) catalyzed by TEB combined with PPNCl.…”

Multifunctional Catalysts for Ring-Opening Copolymerizations

“… , CO 2 is also an ideal and sustainable comonomer for polycarbonate synthesis owing to its low cost, low toxicity, and natural abundance. Sulfur-containing polymers can be synthesized by ROCOP using carbonyl sulfide (COS) and/or cyclic thioanhydrides as monomers, which react similarly to their oxygenated analogues. − The wide range of properties afforded by polyesters, polycarbonates, polythioesters, and polythiocarbonates are summarized in several reviews and will not be examined in further detail here. − Rather, we will focus on efficient and selective polymerization approaches toward these materials, with a strong emphasis on the use of multifunctional catalysts and their mechanisms of operation.…”