Carbon spheres obtained via citric acid catalysed hydrothermal carbonisation of cellulose

Zhao, Yan; Li, W.; Zhao, Xiyang; Wang, D. P.; Liu, S. X.

doi:10.1179/1433075x13y.0000000108

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…7. In the first step, the additive CuSO4 catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose produced oligosaccharides, monomers (glucose and fructose) and other by-products [28]. Then the polymerization of monomers was built up by intermolecular dehydration, leading to the formation of soluble polymers.…”

Section: Catalytic Mechanism Of Cuso4 On the Formation Of Carbon Micrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods of improving the conversion efficiency of cellulosic biomass during HTC could be classified into two aspects, promoting namely the hydrolysis rates of cellulose and the formation rates of carbonization products. For one thing, some works have been done to investigate the effect of the additives of H2SO4, HCI and acetic acid on the HTC of the cellulosic biomass [28], and as a result improved the hydrolysis efficiency of cotton fibers. The possible reason is cotton fibers are apt to hydrolyze to polysaccharide in concentrated acids since that the glycosidic bond is sensitive to a high concentration of H + [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Microspheres From Waste Cotton Textiles By Hydrothermal Carbonization

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

Journal of Renewable Materials

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Carbon microspheres were prepared from waste cotton fibers by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) with the addition of copper sulphate in this work. The important influence factors, temperature, concentration of copper sulphate, resident time were explored here. The smooth and regular carbon microspheres could be formed at 330°C with 0.15 wt% copper sulphate after 6 h from waste cotton fibers. The crystal structures of cotton fibers were destructed in a short resident time with 0.15 wt% copper sulphate from SEM images and XRD patterns of solid products. This strategy provides a new, mild and efficient method to prepare carbon microspheres from waste cotton fibers by HTC. FTIR spectra verified that the abundant functional groups existed on the surface of synthesized carbon microspheres. From XPS and element analysis results, the copper sulphate participated in the forming process of carbon microspheres indeed. The presence of copper sulphate in the carbon microspheres provided a possibility for the application in antibacterial field. Besides, the catalytic mechanism of copper sulphate on the hydrolysis and carbonization of waste cotton fibers were also discussed. In conclusion, the copper sulphate is an efficient agent for preparing carbon microspheres by HTC from waste cotton fibers.

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Section: Catalytic Mechanism Of Cuso4 On the Formation Of Carbon Micrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Microspheres From Waste Cotton Textiles By Hydrothermal Carbonization

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

Journal of Renewable Materials

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“…Acid has been shown to act as a catalyst for dehydrating carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), an intermediate product of solid char [15]. Other studies found that the properties of hydrochars are highly affected by the acidity of the feedstocks [16][17][18]. Acids such as citric acid, which is safe, inexpensive, and commonly used in HTC, modify the density, shape, particle size, color, surface area, and chemical functional groups of hydrochars [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkable Physical and Thermal Properties of Hydrothermal Carbonized Nanoscale Cellulose Observed from Citric Acid Catalysis and Acetone Rinsing

2020

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Citric acid (CA) was used for the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of cellulose nanofiber and found to exert remarkable effects on the chemistry and physical aspects of the product distribution. More specifically, the morphology, yield, elemental and proximate composition, chemical functional groups, thermal properties and surface properties of the resultant hydrochars were studied extensively. The morphological properties of the final char were the singularly most surprising and unique finding of this study. The cellulose nanofiber hydrochars were contrasted to hydrochars from bleached softwood pulp, having a similar composition with the former, to pinpoint the role of nano-dimensions. Without the presence of CA, the pulp hydrochar lacked several of the spherical dimensions shown in the nanocellulose; however, and unexpectedly, the presence of CA caused a homogenization of the final product distribution for both samples. Finally, thermally stable and high surface area hydrochars were obtained when the hydrochar was rinsed with acetone.

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“…HTC has the advantages of a simple operation process, mild synthesis conditions and renewable raw materials, providing a broad prospect for the large-scale production of carbon nanospheres [21,22,23,24]. Zhao et al prepared well-dispersed micrometer-sized carbon nanospheres from cellulose by citric acid catalysed HTC (200–240 °C), and the diameter of carbon nanospheres became wider with the increase of citric acid concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time [25]. Hao et al reported a new technique for preparing porous carbon nanospheres by the HTC of waste sugar solution followed through KOH activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cellulose-Derived Carbon Nanospheres from Corn Straw as Anode Materials for Lithium ion Batteries

Wang

Song

et al. 2019

Nanomaterials

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As a most attractive renewable resource, biomass has the advantages of low pollution, wide distribution and abundant resources, promoting its applications in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, cellulose-derived carbon nanospheres (CCS) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) from corn straw for use as an anode in LIBs. The uniform distribution and cross-linked structure of carbon nanospheres were obtained by carefully controlling reaction time, which could not only decrease the transport pathway of lithium ions, but also reduce the structural damage caused by the intercalation of lithium ions. Especially, obtained after hydrothermal carbonization for 36 h, those typical characteristics make it deliver excellent cycling stability as well as the notable specific capacity of 577 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2C. Hence, this efficient and environment-friendly method for the fabrication of CCS from corn straw could realize the secondary utilization of biomass waste, as well as serve as a new choice for LIBs anode materials.

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Carbon spheres obtained via citric acid catalysed hydrothermal carbonisation of cellulose

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Microspheres From Waste Cotton Textiles By Hydrothermal Carbonization

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Microspheres From Waste Cotton Textiles By Hydrothermal Carbonization

Remarkable Physical and Thermal Properties of Hydrothermal Carbonized Nanoscale Cellulose Observed from Citric Acid Catalysis and Acetone Rinsing

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cellulose-Derived Carbon Nanospheres from Corn Straw as Anode Materials for Lithium ion Batteries

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