Carbon nitride based photocatalysts for solar photocatalytic disinfection, can we go further?

Wang, Wenjun; Zhou, Chengyun; Yang, Yang; Zeng, Guangming; Zhang, Chen; Zhou, Yin; Yang, Jingnan; Huang, Danlian; Wang, Han; Xiong, Weiping; Li, Xiaopei; Fu, Yukui; Wang, Ziwei; He, Qingyun; Jia, Meiying; Luo, Hanzhuo

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.126540

Cited by 117 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…Obtaining hydrogen energy from solar energy has been considered as one of the alternatives to current electrical energy or fossil energy, and a photocatalytic semiconductor catalyst has been reported as an indispensable bridge for the solar hydrogen energy conversion. − Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), as a metal-free photocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction, has attracted significant interest of researchers for its advantages such as good biocompatibility, the low-cost of the raw materials, and the convenient synthetic route. − The practical application of g-CN, however, is still predominantly limited by the inherent shortcomings of organic semiconductors, i.e., slow charge-transport capability, fast recombination of photogenerated carriers, and excessive hydrogen overpotential. − Therefore, a series of methods to modify g-CN have been reported, − and loading an appropriate cocatalyst on to the surface of g-CN is one of the effective methods that can promote the transfer of carriers and lower the hydrogen overpotential. − Noble metals, including Pt, Au, and Pd, have been widely believed as the cocatalyst for g-CN and exhibited excellent properties. − Despite their great performance, the high price of noble metals is still an inescapable limitation that hinders the wide application of photocatalysts, which runs counter to the original intention of lowering the cost of the catalyst. In this regard, developing a new cocatalyst with low cost to replace the noble metal will benefit the actual production in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Dependence on a noble metal cocatalyst is one of the main obstacles to the practical application of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this paper, a noble-metal-free photocatalyst, g-CN/MoS2 composite, was in situ synthesized via a gas–solid reaction where rodlike MoO3 was sulfurized to form MoS2 by the byproduct generated during the thermal condensation of thiourea, the precursor of g-CN. The composite exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity under irradiation of visible light, whose hydrogen evolution rate increased from 0.99 to 13.31 μmol·h–1, 13.44 times higher than that of pristine g-CN. On the basis of a series of characterization results, the formation and photocatalysis mechanism of g-CN/MoS2 was proposed, and the enhancement was attributed to the introduction of rodlike MoS2, which played the role as the cocatalyst instead of a noble metal to reduce the hydrogen evolution overpotential. This work provides a convenient method to synthesize a transition metal sulfide based on graphitic carbon nitride.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…Suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and promoting their migration to the g-C 3 N 4 semiconductor surface are key steps to improve the photocatalytic efficiency. 143 First, introducing good porosity and ultrathin morphology is an effective way to promote the photocatalytic ability of original g-C 3 N 4 , such as 2D ultrathin nanosheets. The atomic monolayer structure can shorten the transfer distance of the photogenerated charge to the material surface, thus reducing the probability of recombination.…”

Section: Basic Principles Of Organicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, reasonable design of the semiconductor photocatalyst is the key to the creation of effective photocatalytic antibacterial agents. Suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and promoting their migration to the g-C 3 N 4 semiconductor surface are key steps to improve the photocatalytic efficiency …”

Section: How To Design Highly Efficient Opams For Phototherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Photo-antimicrobials: Principles, Molecule Design, and Applications

et al. 2021

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The emergence of multi-drug-resistant pathogens threatens the healthcare systems world-wide. Recent advances in phototherapy (PT) approaches mediated by photo-antimicrobials (PAMs) provide new opportunities for the current serious antibiotic resistance. During the PT treatment, reactive oxygen species or heat produced by PAMs would react with the cell membrane, consequently leaking cytoplasm components and effectively eradicating different pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and even parasites. This Perspective will concentrate on the development of different organic photo-antimicrobials (OPAMs) and their application as practical therapeutic agents into therapy for local infections, wound dressings, and removal of biofilms from medical devices. We also discuss how to design highly efficient OPAMs by modifying the chemical structure or conjugating with a targeting component. Moreover, this Perspective provides a discussion of the general challenges and direction for OPAMs and what further needs to be done. It is hoped that through this overview, OPAMs can prosper and will be more widely used for microbial infections in the future, especially at a time when the global COVID-19 epidemic is getting more serious.

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“…Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX), namely, bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI), were used as p type and Zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2 O 4 ) as n-type semiconductors. Fabricated P@BiOI/N@ZnFe 2 O 4 showed 96% of degradation efficiency for AO7 in 3 h as compared to BiOI and ZnFe 2 O 4, alone [ 140 ]. Similarly, Margan et al prepared ultrasound-assisted cadmium oxide-zinc oxide nanophotocatalyst (CdO-ZnO) for elimination of AO7.…”

Section: Nanotechnology In Wastewater Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology in Wastewater Management: A New Paradigm Towards Wastewater Treatment

et al. 2021

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Clean and safe water is a fundamental human need for multi-faceted development of society and a thriving economy. Brisk rises in populations, expanding industrialization, urbanization and extensive agriculture practices have resulted in the generation of wastewater which have not only made the water dirty or polluted, but also deadly. Millions of people die every year due to diseases communicated through consumption of water contaminated by deleterious pathogens. Although various methods for wastewater treatment have been explored in the last few decades but their use is restrained by many limitations including use of chemicals, formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), time consumption and expensiveness. Nanotechnology, manipulation of matter at a molecular or an atomic level to craft new structures, devices and systems having superior electronic, optical, magnetic, conductive and mechanical properties, is emerging as a promising technology, which has demonstrated remarkable feats in various fields including wastewater treatment. Nanomaterials encompass a high surface to volume ratio, a high sensitivity and reactivity, a high adsorption capacity, and ease of functionalization which makes them suitable for application in wastewater treatment. In this article we have reviewed the techniques being developed for wastewater treatment using nanotechnology based on adsorption and biosorption, nanofiltration, photocatalysis, disinfection and sensing technology. Furthermore, this review also highlights the fate of the nanomaterials in wastewater treatment as well as risks associated with their use.

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Carbon nitride based photocatalysts for solar photocatalytic disinfection, can we go further?

Cited by 117 publications

References 170 publications

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

Organic Photo-antimicrobials: Principles, Molecule Design, and Applications

Nanotechnology in Wastewater Management: A New Paradigm Towards Wastewater Treatment

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Carbon nitride based photocatalysts for solar photocatalytic disinfection, can we go further?

Cited by 117 publications

References 170 publications

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS2 as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS2 as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

Organic Photo-antimicrobials: Principles, Molecule Design, and Applications

Nanotechnology in Wastewater Management: A New Paradigm Towards Wastewater Treatment

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In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal

In Situ Synthesized Rodlike MoS₂ as a Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Graphitic Carbon Nitride without a Noble Metal