Carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash as lubricant additives for different base oils and their tribology performance

Salah, Numan; Abdel-wahab, M. Sh.; Alshahrie, Ahmed; Alharbi, Najlaa D.; Khan, Zishan H.

doi:10.1039/c7ra07155h

Cited by 51 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It was reported that the CNTs of HFOA exhibited superior tribological characteristics at 0.1 wt% compared to the other carbon nanomaterials, and being the best lubricant additives, CNTs of HFOA improved the fuel economy by minimizing friction. [106]…”

Section: Lubricant Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, Processing, and Application of Heavy Fuel Oil Ash, an Industrial Waste Material – A Review

Basha

Aziz

Maslehuddin

et al. 2020

The Chemical Record

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Heavy fuel oil ash (HFOA) is generated as an industrial waste material during the combustion of heavy fuel oil in power/desalination plants. With increasing energy demands, a significant volume of HFOA is generated. It is generally disposed of in landfills, causing environmental pollution, as it contains several toxic elements. Recently, efforts were made towards developing strategies for reusing industrial waste materials and creating value-added products from the waste materials. Despite significant information available in the literature on the utilization of HFOA, there is still a need for a thorough and systematic review on the characterization and utilization of HFOA in various applications. Consequently, this paper aims to present a critical review of the literature on HFOA generation, its chemical composition, physical properties, morphology, and applications. It is encouraging to note that HFOA has been used in several potential applications, such as the preparation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes, metal recovery, environmental pollutant removal, polymer composites and construction materials, etc. However, the development of several value-added materials utilizing HFOA and its applications in other areas such as coatings, cathodic protection systems, and phase change materialswould emerge as a new topic of research. It is expected that this review will act as a precursor for further research on the use of HFOA in industrial applications. Since the use of HFOA will lead to environmental, economic, and technical benefits, research in the utilization of this industrial waste material is highly recommended.

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Section: Lubricant Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, Processing, and Application of Heavy Fuel Oil Ash, an Industrial Waste Material – A Review

Basha

Aziz

Maslehuddin

et al. 2020

The Chemical Record

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“…Such CNTs were recently evaluated for some applications, as lubricant additives 10–12 and for water treatment 13 . Their performance as lubricant additives was found to be superior to those of other well-known commercially available carbon nanomaterials like multi-walled CNTs, single-walled CNTs, and graphene 11,12 . On the basis of these achievements, it is of great importance to test the CNTs of oil fly ash as a reinforcing material for different polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effective reinforcements for thermoplastics based on carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash

Salah

Alfawzan

Saeed

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely investigated for preparing polymer nanocomposites, owing to their unique mechanical properties. However, dispersing CNTs uniformly in a polymer matrix and controlling their entanglement/agglomeration are still big technical challenges to be overcome. The costs of their raw materials and production are also still high. In this work, we propose the use of CNTs grown on oil fly ash to solve these issues. The CNTs of oil fly ash were evaluated as reinforcing materials for some common thermoplastics. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was mainly reinforced with various weight fractions of CNTs. Xylene was used as a solvent to dissolve HDPE and to uniformly disperse the CNTs. Significantly enhanced mechanical properties of HDPE reinforced at a low weight fraction of these CNTs (1–2 wt.%), mainly the tensile strength, Young’s modulus, stiffness, and hardness, were observed. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus were enhanced by ~20 and 38%, respectively. Moreover, the nanoindentation results were found to be in support to these findings. Polycarbonate, polypropylene, and polystyrene were also preliminarily evaluated after reinforcement with 1 wt.% CNTs. The tensile strength and Young’s Modulus were increased after reinforcement with CNTs. These results demonstrate that the CNTs of the solid waste, oil fly ash, might serve as an appropriate reinforcing material for different thermoplastics polymers.

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“…In the figure, intense peaks are seen at 1340 cm −1 , 1600 cm −1 , and 2700 cm −1 that corresponds to D, G, and 2D graphitic structures. 49–53 It is important to mention that the intensity ratio of I 2D /I G increases from 0.18 to 0.37 for the surfactant functionalized formulated oil, which corresponds to the disintegration of graphite and exfoliation of graphitic layers under sliding action. 54 The ratio I G /I 2D decreases as the number of layers decrease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricated tribology of hybrid AMMC–steel sliding contact: A comparative investigation between fully formulated commercial engine oils and surfactant functionalized MWCNT–base oil formulation

Singh

Bhowmick

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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The aim of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of developing surfactant-assisted multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-laden lubricant for hybrid aluminum metal matrix composite (h-AMMC)/steel (EN31) pair sliding contact. For the preliminary screening, three grade-I base oils, two SAE grade fully formulated commercial oils, and two types of particle additives are used for the tribological investigation. Based on the detailed pilot study, a suitable grade of base oil (SN500), a fully-formulated commercial oil (SAE 20W50) and a solid particle additive (MWCNT) are finalized for the comprehensive tribological investigation. An amphiphilic surfactant, Sorbitan mono-oleate (SPAN 80) is added to MWCNT-in-oil dispersion to functionalize the MWCNT particles. For better insight of the lubrication and friction-wear mechanism, thermophysical properties of prepared suspensions and characterization of the worn-out surfaces of h-AMMC is carried out using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The study reveals some interesting insights on the performance of MWCNT-laden lubricants in the presence of surfactant, which might be connoted for the future development of the lubricants to be used in the industrial applications.

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Carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash as lubricant additives for different base oils and their tribology performance

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization, Processing, and Application of Heavy Fuel Oil Ash, an Industrial Waste Material – A Review

Characterization, Processing, and Application of Heavy Fuel Oil Ash, an Industrial Waste Material – A Review

Effective reinforcements for thermoplastics based on carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash

Lubricated tribology of hybrid AMMC–steel sliding contact: A comparative investigation between fully formulated commercial engine oils and surfactant functionalized MWCNT–base oil formulation

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