Carbon nanotubes grown by laser-annealing of SiC nano-particles

Botti, S.; Ciardi, R.; Asilyan, L. S.; Dominicis, L. De; Fabbri, F.; Orlanducci, S.; Fiori, A.

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.119

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Critical factors to consider when forming CNT films are the crystallographic orientation of the free SiC surface, surface quality (defects, impurities), crystal morphology and the decomposition conditions (vacuum, temperature). The spectrum of obtained tubes ranges from MWCNT (multi‐wall carbon nanotubes) for SiC powder148 to double/triple wall CNT for SiC wafers11, 142–146 and defect‐rich SWCNT (single‐wall carbon nanotubes) for SiC nanopowders 149…”

Section: Cdc Synthesis and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbide‐Derived Carbons – From Porous Networks to Nanotubes and Graphene

Presser

Heon

Gogotsi

2011

Adv Funct Materials

611

492

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from carbides has attracted special attention lately. [ 3,4 ] Carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) encompass a large group of carbons ranging from extremely disordered to highly ordered structures ( Figure 1 ). The carbon structure that results from removal of the metal or metalloid atom(s) from the carbide depends on the synthesis method (halogenation, hydrothermal treatment, vacuum decomposition, etc.), applied temperature, pressure, and choice of carbide precursor.The growing interest in this fi eld is refl ected by a rapidly increasing number of publications and patents. A signifi cant progress in CDC research has been seen in several fi elds. Various carbide precursors have been systematically studied. Studies on binary carbides with different grain sizes show the possibility of low-temperature carbon formation for nanopowders. Also, a better understanding of graphene formation during high-temperature vacuum decomposition of silicon carbide has been achieved since SiC single crystals are now available in large sizes with extremely low defect concentrations and an almost atomically fl at surface fi nish. [ 8 ] CDC applications as electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors have attracted much attention lately. [ 9 ] The unique properties of porous CDC obtained by halogenation, such as a high specifi c surface area and tunable pore size with a narrow size distribution, make it an ideal material for sorbents or supercapacitor electrodes. CDCs have been derived from many precursors (SiC, TiC, Mo 2 C, VC, etc.) using a variety of treatment conditions that lead to a broad range of useful properties. Furthermore, graphene, [ 10 ] nanotubes, [ 11 ] and even nanodiamond [ 12 ] can be produced from carbide precursors. Their applications naturally differ from those of porous CDC.The last comprehensive journal review on this subject was published about fi fteen years ago in Russian; [ 13 ] book chapters published later [ 3,4 , 14 ] are less accessible and require updating due to rapid progress in the fi eld over the past few years. The most recent review of CDC [ 14 ] covers only energy-related applications. Therefore, a comprehensive review on the fi eld is long overdue. The goal of this article is to show how a variety of carbon structures can be produced from carbides, to explain how those structures can be controlled on the nanometer and subnanometer scale, and to describe CDC properties that are benefi cial for a number of applications. Carbide-Derived Carbons -From Porous Networks to Nanotubes and GrapheneCarbide-derived carbons (CDCs) are a large family of carbon materials derived from carbide precursors that are transformed into pure carbon via physical (e.g., thermal decomposition) or chemical (e.g., halogenation) processes. Structurally, CDC ranges from amorphous carbon to graphite, carbon nanotubes or graphene. For halogenated carbides, a high level of control over the resulting amorphous porous carbon structure is possible by changing the synthesis conditions and carbide precursor. The large number of...

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Section: Cdc Synthesis and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbide‐Derived Carbons – From Porous Networks to Nanotubes and Graphene

Presser

Heon

Gogotsi

2011

Adv Funct Materials

611

492

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The need for a process which would allow the integration of CNTs into any stage of the CMOS process flow has stimulated a number of recent investigations into metal-catalyst-free CNT growth methods [9][10][11]. The first of these is based on annealing SiC films or nanoparticles [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Compatible Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2008

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A technique to synthesize high-quality single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) on Ge Stranski-Krastanow dots has been developed. From transmission electron microscopy and Raman measurements, the grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are identified as SWNTs with diameters ranging from 1.6 to 2.1 nm. Extensive scanning electron microscopy and atomic force characterisation of the effect of each stage in the growth process is presented. Our hypothesis is that pre-treatment stages lead to the formation of Ge nanoparticles, which act as seeds for CNT growth. This technique demonstrates the ability to synthesize high-quality SWNTs without the need for a metal catalyst, using processes and equipment standard to a silicon foundry.

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“…Details of the method can be found elsewhere. 19 The determination of the SWCNT diameter relies on the detection of the Raman signal coming from the radial breathing mode (wavenumber between 140 and 250 cm 1 ) of the tube structure. This mode is unique to SWCNTs and its wavenumber Q , in cm 1 , is related to the nanotube diameter D cnt , in nm, by the relation Q D 223.27/D cnt 8 D cnt being given by D cnt D a n 2 C m 2 C nm 9…”

Section: Composition Of the Sample As Determined By Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the chiral composition of a carbon nanotube surface by means of second harmonic generation

Dominicis

Fantoni

Botti

et al. 2005

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The second-order susceptibility tensor c .2/ .2!; !, !/ of a carbon nanotube (CNT) surface was determined as a function both of the average tube orientation and CNT topology distribution. The transformation properties of the hyperpolarizability b tensor, as rooted in the CNT isogonal symmetry point group, make non-vanishing only the chiral component of c .2/ .2!; !, !/, thus denying second harmonic generation (SHG) in racemic samples. Nevertheless, the rupture of the CNT spatial symmetry due to local deformations and to finite size can act as a source for SHG even in racemic samples. The study of SHG polarization and of the anisotropic dependence of the signal intensity on the angle Z between the surface normal and the exciting laser beam direction are proposed as methods to discriminate between the two contributions. An experimental test of such a statement was performed on a sample grown by the laser annealing technique. A massive presence of chiral CNTs with strong local deformations was revealed by the low-and medium-wavenumber Raman spectra measured on the sample. The SHG polarization and the anisotropic dependence of the signal intensity as a function of Z were studied experimentally, allowing the racemic nature of the investigated sample to be elucidated.

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Carbon nanotubes grown by laser-annealing of SiC nano-particles

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Carbide‐Derived Carbons – From Porous Networks to Nanotubes and Graphene

Carbide‐Derived Carbons – From Porous Networks to Nanotubes and Graphene

CMOS Compatible Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

Analysis of the chiral composition of a carbon nanotube surface by means of second harmonic generation

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