Carbon monoxide therapy: a promising strategy for cancer

Abstract

Cancer is one of the acute life-threatening diseases endangering the whole of humanity. The treatment modalities for cancer are various. However, in most cases, a single treatment choice exerted multiple...

Recent advances in the application of gasotransmitters in spinal cord injury

“…CO, as a product of heme degradation, has been shown to have various biological functions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant at low concentrations [ 48 , 49 ]. The safe dose of CO promotes neuro-regeneration by triggering the sGC/cGMP/MAPK signaling pathway and a cascade between the HO-CO, HIF-1α/VEGF, and NOS pathways [ 50 , 51 ]. The safe dose of CO inhalation therapy has been shown to reduce cell death in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, heart, retina, kidneys, and lungs [ 51 – 54 ].…”

Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy Using Multifunctional Lipid- Coated Nanoparticles Combining Curcumin Chemotherapy and Nitric Oxide Gas Delivery

“…However, Cur suffers from poor water solubility, easy conversion to glucuronide aldehyde and sulfonic acid complexes in the intestinal tract, rapid metabolism, short half-life, non-speci c distribution in vivo, and susceptibility to drug resistance 9,10 . As a single treatment, it is often ineffective and has highly toxic side effects, signi cantly limiting its clinical application 11 . Currently, a large number of nano-delivery systems have been developed and applied in the delivery of Cur, which not only improves the solubility of Cur and its targeting and bioavailability but also provides an opportunity for the combined application of Cur with other therapeutic tools, which is expected to play an essential role in breast cancer treatment 12,13 .…”

CoOx‐Caged Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Sonocatalyzing CO2 to Co for Ultrasound‐Assisted Chemodynamic‐Gas Cancer Therapy

“…Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for nearly one in six deaths in 2020 (World Health Organization), apposing an enormous threat to human health. While conventional treatments suffer limited efficiency due to drug resistance, postoperative recurrence, systemic toxicity, and nonspecificity, [ 1 ] gas therapy, utilizing physiologically signaling gases (i.e., carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen), has gained increasing attention in treating inflammation‐related diseases, [ 2 ] such as cancer in particular. These endogenous gaseous signaling molecules are the critical messengers in regulating anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative reactions in physiological and pathophysiological processes.…”

“…A number of studies have favored combinations of cancer therapies for higher efficiency. [ 2a ] It is expected that the effectiveness of CO gas therapy could be further enhanced due to the combination with other therapies, especially ROS‐related approaches. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), presenting advantages of minimal invasiveness and high tumor specificity, is enabled by the conversion of over‐expressed hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into hydroxyl radical (OH), the most harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing cell apoptosis and necrosis.…”