Carbon gains and recovery from degradation of forest biomass in European Union during 1990–2005

Rautiainen, Aapo; Saikku, Laura; Kauppi, Pekka E.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.043

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several recent articles have reported variations in regional and global forest structural attributes [5] (e.g., under decreasing [6], increasing [7][8][9], or relatively steady-state [10] conditions), but there remains large uncertainty [11][12][13]. Two conventional methods of mapping tree heights and biomass are the extrapolation methods using field-measured and/or remote sensing altimetry data (e.g., regression tree or random forest algorithms [14][15][16]) and the physical/physiological model based on allometric scaling laws (e.g., Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations (ASRL) model [17]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site Based Testing of the Model

Choi

Shi

et al. 2013

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The ultimate goal of this multi-article series is to develop a methodology to generate continuous fields of tree height and biomass. The first paper demonstrated the need for Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitation (ASRL) model optimization and its ability to generate spatially continuous fields of tree heights over the continental USA at coarse (1 km) spatial resolution. The objective of this second paper is to provide an assessment of that approach at site scale, specifically at 12 FLUXNET sites where more accurate data are available. Estimates of tree heights from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) waveform data are used for model optimization. Amongst the five possible GLAS metrics that are representative of tree heights, the best metric is selected based on how closely the metric resembles field-measured and Laser Vegetation Imaging Sensor tree heights. In the optimization process, three parameters of the ASRL model (area of single leaf, α; exponent for canopy radius, η; and root absorption efficiency, γ) are simultaneously adjusted to minimize the difference between model predictions and observations at the study sites (distances to valid GLAS footprints ≤ 10 km). Performance of the optimized ASRL model was evaluated through comparisons to the best GLAS metric of tree height using a two-fold cross validation approach (R 2 = 0.85; RMSE = 1.81 m) and a bootstrapping approach (R 2 = 0.66; RMSE = 2.60 m). The optimized model satisfactorily performed at the site scale, thus corroborating results presented in part one of this series. Future investigations will focus on generalizing these results and extending the model formulation using similar allometric concepts for the estimation of woody biomass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site Based Testing of the Model

Choi

Shi

et al. 2013

Remote Sensing

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“…Land use is particularly intensive in Europe (Haberl et al 2007) and historical land use practices have also resulted in major losses of forest cover in this part of the world during the last centuries to millennia (Bradshaw 2004;Kaplan et al 2009). Trends in forest cover change have reversed in Europe, however, and the forest area has been expanding during the 20 th and 21 st century (Kuusela 1994;Rudel et al 2005;Gold et al 2006;Rautiainen et al 2010;Forest Europe et al 2011;Fuchs et al 2013).…”

Section: European Forest Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growing stock and increment rates have been increasing almost continuously over the last decades (Kuusela 1994;Gold et al 2006;Rautiainen et al 2010;Forest Europe et al 2011), although the increment rates have started to decrease during the last few years , which is supported by several other studies that observed climate change induced growth decreases across various sites in Europe (see review by Lindner et al 2014). In 2010, European forest resources (45 countries in total, excluding the Russian Federation) covered 211 million ha, which, on average, corresponds to 32% of the land area, with an average growing stock of 156 m 3 ha -1 .…”

Section: European Forest Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing impacts of intensified biomass removal and biodiversity protection on European forests

Verkerk¹

2015

Diss. For.

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Verkerk P.J. (2015). Assessing impacts of intensified biomass removal and biodiversity protection on European forests. Dissertationes Forestales 197. 50 p. http://dx.doi.org/10. 14214/df.197 Forests provide many benefits to society and it is important to understand if, and how, policies affect the provisioning of ecosystem services. The objective of this dissertation was to analyze and evaluate impacts of intensified biomass production and biodiversity protection on ecosystem services provided by European forests.Article I assessed to what extent forests are protected and how felling restrictions affect the potential annual wood supply. Felling restrictions applied to currently protected forest areas reduce the long-term potential supply of wood by 35 million m 3 yr -1 . Despite these restrictions, wood harvesting is allowed to a fair extent in these protected forests.Articles II-V assessed the future woody biomass potentials and impacts of different scenarios on forests using the European Forest Information SCENario model (EFISCEN). In article II, the realisable woody biomass potential was estimated at 741 million m 3 yr -1 in 2010, including woody biomass from stems, residues, stumps and other biomass, ranging from 620 to 891 million m 3 yr -1 in 2030. Mobilising these potentials would imply drastic changes in the management of European forests.According to articles III-V intensified biomass removals could involve trade-offs with other forest ecosystem services. Carbon storage in forest biomass, as well as the amount of deadwood, was projected to decline due to measures to intensify the use of forests. An economic valuation showed that intensifying biomass removals could lead to a net economic benefit measured by the aggregated value of five ecosystem services, as compared to projections without measures to intensify use of forest biomass. Larger social benefits could potentially be obtained if biodiversity protection is enhanced in European forests.The results presented in this dissertation illustrate that careful planning is required to accommodate the need for protection of biodiversity, the expected growing demand for wood, as well as the provisioning of forest ecosystem services. Keywords: ecosystem services, EFISCEN, scenario analysis 4 ACKOWLEDGEMENTSFinally the moment is there that the preface of my dissertation can be written. This means that the work on my dissertation is soon completed, which is a liberating thought! This academic dissertation is the result of work carried out during several years in various projects in which I have been involved as part of my work at the European Forest Institute (EFI). I would like to thank EFI and especially my supervisor Marcus Lindner for providing me the opportunity to work on these projects. I also would like to thank him for all the support he provided throughout the years. It has been a real pleasure to work with him. I also would like to thank all (current and former) colleagues in Joensuu and Barcelona that have made EFI an interesting place to...

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“…The rate of expansion in Europe in relative terms has been faster for biomass than for forest area (Gold et al, 2006). The growing stock of the EU doubled in 50 years from 10 to more than 20 billion m 3 between 1950 and 2000 (Rautiainen et al, 2009). Forest biomass sequesters approximately 10% of the fossil carbon emissions of the European Union (Saikku et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latest estimate (131 TgC) implies an annual average sequestration of 84 tons C km À2 . The calculation methods and even the definitions have changed over time, they vary between countries, and the estimates are uncertain (Rautiainen et al, 2009). However, the order of magnitude of the estimates has been confirmed in national and other assessments (Ciais et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing stock of biomass carbon in a boreal forest over 93 years

Kauppi

Rautiainen

Korhonen³

et al. 2010

Forest Ecology and Management

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Carbon gains and recovery from degradation of forest biomass in European Union during 1990–2005

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site Based Testing of the Model

Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site Based Testing of the Model

Assessing impacts of intensified biomass removal and biodiversity protection on European forests

Changing stock of biomass carbon in a boreal forest over 93 years

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