Carbon Fiber Electrode for Redox Flow Battery

Inoue, M.; Tsuzuki, Yasushi; Iizuka, Yasuhiro; Shimada, M

doi:10.1149/1.2100549

Cited by 14 publications

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“…Again due to the corrosive environment in a VRB, there are limited choices of materials to make electrodes. Inert, high-surface-area, graphite- or carbon-based materials in forms such as felt or porous structures have been the most common materials for electrodes. ,,,,− However, the graphite or carbon-based electrodes often show inadequate electrochemical activity and kinetic reversibility toward the electrochemical reactions between the vanadium species.…”

Section: Redox Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid

et al. 2011

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Section: Redox Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid

et al. 2011

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confidence: 99%

“…Studies of PAN-based carbon felts in vanadium redox flow batteries point toward similar effects, since the current (coulombic) efficiency is lower when rather amorphous carbon fibers are used. 29,30 Sun et al used a buoyancy method to determine hydrogen evolution at (PAN-based) carbon paper electrodes and found hydrogen evolution to be dependent on BET surface area and the nitrogen content of the electrodes. 31 Langner et al recently studied PAN-based felts using voltammetry and observed that the onset of hydrogen evolution is found at more negative potentials for felts with lower hetero element content.…”

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confidence: 99%

Parasitic Hydrogen Evolution at Different Carbon Fiber Electrodes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Schweiss

Pritzl

Meiser

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Carbon fiber-based fabrics such as felts, cloths or papers are porous electrode materials that are widely used in redox flow batteries. This study investigates the effect of the carbon fiber properties on hydrogen evolution at the negative electrode, which occurs as an important side reaction in redox flow batteries employing acidic electrolytes. The lowest hydrogen evolution rate was observed at carbon fibers with a high content of graphitic domains which have been subjected to surface oxidation pre-treatment. By contrast, felt materials consisting of fibers with a largely amorphous character produce elevated amounts of hydrogen during battery charging. Differences between rayon-and polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-derived carbon fibers point toward the important role of nitrogen species. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is not changed in any way and is properly cited. For permission for commercial reuse, please email: oa@electrochem.org. [DOI: 10.1149/2.1281609jes] All rights reserved. Redox flow batteries are regarded as promising candidates for large-scale electrochemical storage systems for energy generated from fluctuating sources such as wind farms or photovoltaic systems.1-5 One of their widely acclaimed features is their inherent safety. Among other aspects, this is owing to the fact that the active masses consist of rather dilute, aqueous solutions of redox species (typically 1.5 to 3 molar) which are continuously circulated through an electrochemical reactor during operation. Consequently, only a small fraction of the redox species is present at any given time in the electrochemically active area, while the major part remains in electrolyte tanks, where it acts as a powerful thermal buffer.The obvious drawback of the aqueous cell chemistry is the relatively small electrochemical window, which is limited by the onset of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Since common electrolytes contain strong acids with concentrations of up to 4 moles per liter in order to provide high ionic conductivity, the electrochemical window is reduced even further.Three-dimensional porous carbon electrodes such as felts, which are commonly manufactured from rayon (cellulose) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors, are well suited for these batteries since they come at a low cost, have a large surface area and exhibit sufficiently large overpotentials against hydrogen and oxygen evolution. [6][7][8][9][10][11] In the literature they are widely referred to as 'graphite' felts as they are processed at high temperatures similar to those used in the manufacturing of synthetic graphite. The fraction of crystalline domains, however, amounts to less than 50% 10 and the crystallographic d...

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“…The higher surface area, porosity, outstanding wettability for electrodes, lesser electronic resistance, good electrochemical stability, and high activity towards redox reactions are the requirements for the electrodes to be used in RFBs [139]. Carbon-based materials, especially graphite felt are commonly used as electrode materials in the RFBs like VRFBs, polysulfide/Br, and Zn/Br [141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159]. Figure 5 represents the redox flow battery cell with membrane-electrode assembly and bipolar plates with flow channels.…”

Section: Electrodementioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Flow Batteries: Recent Development in Main Components, Emerging Technologies, Diagnostic Techniques, Large-Scale Applications, and Challenges and Barriers

et al. 2023

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Redox flow batteries represent a captivating class of electrochemical energy systems that are gaining prominence in large-scale storage applications. These batteries offer remarkable scalability, flexible operation, extended cycling life, and moderate maintenance costs. The fundamental operation and structure of these batteries revolve around the flow of an electrolyte, which facilitates energy conversion and storage. Notably, the power and energy capacities can be independently designed, allowing for the conversion of chemical energy from input fuel into electricity at working electrodes, resembling the functioning of fuel cells. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the components, advantages, disadvantages, and challenges of redox flow batteries (RFBs). Moreover, it explores various diagnostic techniques employed in analyzing flow batteries. The discussion encompasses the utilization of RFBs for large-scale energy storage applications and summarizes the engineering design aspects related to these batteries. Additionally, this study delves into emerging technologies, applications, and challenges in the realm of redox flow batteries.

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Carbon Fiber Electrode for Redox Flow Battery

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Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid

Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid

Parasitic Hydrogen Evolution at Different Carbon Fiber Electrodes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Redox Flow Batteries: Recent Development in Main Components, Emerging Technologies, Diagnostic Techniques, Large-Scale Applications, and Challenges and Barriers

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