Carbon Electrodes for Double-Layer Capacitors I. Relations Between Ion and Pore Dimensions

Salitra, Gregory; Soffer, Abraham; Eliad, Linoam; Cohen, Yair; Aurbach, Doron

doi:10.1149/1.1393557

Cited by 547 publications

(430 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The ionic resistance is the electrolyte ionic resistance inside the pores of the electrode. It depends on the electrolyte conductivity, porous texture of the electrode and the electrode thickness [20,21]. Thin films of active material and activated carbon with controlled porosity have reduced the influence of this contribution [22,23].…”

Section: Galvanostatic Cycling Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

2005

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 2600 ABSTRACT Power improvement in supercapacitors is mainly related to lowering the internal impedance. The real part of the impedance at a given frequency is called ESR (equivalent series resistance). Several contributions are included in the ESR: the electrolyte resistance (including the separator), the active material resistance (with both ionic and electronic parts) and the active material/current collector interface resistance. The first two contributions have been intensively described and studied by many authors. The first part of this paper is focused on the use of surface treatments as a way to decrease the active material/current collector impedance. Al current collector foils have been treated following a two-step procedure: electrochemical etching and sol-gel coating by a highly-covering, conducting carbonaceous material. It aims to increase the Al foil/active material surface contact leading to lower resistance. In a second part, carbon-carbon supercapacitor impedance is discussed in term of complex capacitance and complex power from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. This representation permits extraction of a relaxation time constant that provides important information on supercapacitor behaviour. The influence of carbon nanotubes addition on electrochemical performance of carbon/carbon supercapacitors has also been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

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Section: Galvanostatic Cycling Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

2005

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“…As an EDLC is a liquid-solid interface system, the surface area and nanopore width strongly affect the capacity and cyclability. For this purpose, activated carbons and related materials have been fabricated [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Ordered Structure of Propylene Carbonate in Slit-Shaped Carbon Nanopores by GCMC Simulation

Ohba

Kaneko

Kanoh

2011

ISRN Nanotechnology

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An electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) has high potential for storing electrical energy at a high power density. It was reported that a narrow nanopore system provides higher performance of EDLCs. In such a system, propylene carbonate (PC) is generally used as a solvent in EDLCs. Hence, the structure of PC in the slit-shaped carbon nanopores should be investigated to reveal the EDLC mechanism. In this paper, grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation of PC adsorbed in nanopores was performed to elucidate molecular-level understanding of the influence of PC on the EDLC performance. PC molecules have a highly ordered structure and longer intermolecular distances in nanopores of a pore width less than 0.7 nm. Thus, the highly ordered and low-density structure formation of the adsorbed PC molecules in narrow nanopores provides a permeation path for electrolytes through nanopores, indicating high-performance EDLCs.

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“…The low C A values observed in the highest SSA carbons are the main factor limiting the total achievable gravimetric capacitance in carbon-based electrodes. Numerous studies over the past decades have attempted to understand the origin of this limitation [18][19][20][21][22] . The simplest estimate of EDL capacitance in a planar system includes only electrical energy, leading to the familiar geometric capacitance expression (in units of F g À 1 ): C ¼ C A A ¼ e 0 e r A/d, where e 0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum (B8.854 Â 10 À 12 F m À 1 ), e r is the relative dielectric constant of the electrolyte, A is the area of electrode exposed to the electrolyte (m 2 g À 1 ) and d is the charge separation distance (m).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitance of carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitors

et al. 2014

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Experimental electrical double-layer capacitances of porous carbon electrodes fall below ideal values, thus limiting the practical energy densities of carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitors. Here we investigate the origin of this behaviour by measuring the electrical double-layer capacitance in one to five-layer graphene. We find that the capacitances are suppressed near neutrality, and are anomalously enhanced for thicknesses below a few layers. We attribute the first effect to quantum capacitance effects near the point of zero charge, and the second to correlations between electrons in the graphene sheet and ions in the electrolyte. The large capacitance values imply gravimetric energy storage densities in the single-layer graphene limit that are comparable to those of batteries. We anticipate that these results shed light on developing new theoretical models in understanding the electrical double-layer capacitance of carbon electrodes, and on opening up new strategies for improving the energy density of carbon-based capacitors.

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Carbon Electrodes for Double-Layer Capacitors I. Relations Between Ion and Pore Dimensions

Cited by 547 publications

References 15 publications

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

Local Ordered Structure of Propylene Carbonate in Slit-Shaped Carbon Nanopores by GCMC Simulation

Capacitance of carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitors

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