Carbon disulphide exposure affects the response of rat adrenal medulla to hypothermia and hypoglycaemia

Caroldi, Stefano; Jarvis, J. A. E.; Magós, L.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb12920.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Serum catecholamines were extracted following the procedure described by Caroldi [51]. Approximately 10 mg of activated and acid washed alumina was added to 0.1 mL of serum with DHBA as an internal standard, followed by 0.5 ml of 1.5 M Tris buffer (pH 8.6 containing 0.07 M EDTA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing and road transport modify the brain neurotransmitter systems of pigs: Do pigs raised in different conditions cope differently with unknown environments?

et al. 2019

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How housing and transport conditions may affect welfare in porcine production is a leading topic in livestock research. This study investigated whether pigs present a different neurological response to management conditions and to ascertain whether pigs living partially outdoors cope differently with road transport-associated stress. Twenty-four female pigs were divided in two groups: one living indoors (ID, n = 12) and the other housed combining indoor conditions with 4 hours per day of outdoor pasture (OD, n = 12). After one month, one set of animals from each housing condition were driven in a truck to the slaughterhouse in low-stress conditions (5 min drive, no mixing groups, soft management, LS group, n = 12) or high-stress conditions (2 hours drive, mixing groups, harsh management, HS group, n = 12). At the slaughterhouse, blood was collected, and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HC) dissected. OD pigs had lower serum haptoglobin and increased dopaminergic pathway (DA-system) in the PFC, suggesting that living outdoors increases their wellbeing. HS conditions increased serum creatine kinase (CK) and affected several brain pathways: activation of the noradrenergic (NA-system) and DA -system in the PFC and the activation of the DA-system and an increase in c-Fos as well as a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the HC. The serotonergic system (5-HT-system) was mildly altered in both areas. There was an interaction between housing and transport in serum NA and the DA-system in the HC, indicating that living conditions affected the response to stress. Multivariate analysis was able to discriminate the four animal groups. In conclusion, this work indicates that housing conditions and road transport markedly modifies the neurophysiology of pigs, and suggests that animals raised partially outdoors respond differently to transport-associated stress than animals raised indoors, indicating that they cope differently with unknown environments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing and road transport modify the brain neurotransmitter systems of pigs: Do pigs raised in different conditions cope differently with unknown environments?

et al. 2019

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“…CS 2 and its dithiocarbamate metabolites have also been shown to react with amino acids and to chelate essential metals (e.g., Zn ++ and Cu ++ ), affecting important enzymes, such as dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), alkaline phosphatase, monoamine-oxidase [ 29 , 82 , 83 ]. In this context, the reaction of CS 2 with neuronal amines and metal/enzyme complexes has been assumed to be involved in neurotoxicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Differentiate General Toxicity-Related Endocrine Effects from Endocrine Disruption: Systematic Review of Carbon Disulfide Data

Printemps

Magueresse-Battistoni

Mhaouty-Kodja

et al. 2022

IJMS

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This review provides an overview of the assessment of the endocrine disrupting (ED) properties of carbon disulfide (CS2), following the methodology used at the European level to identify endocrine disruptors. Relevant in vitro, in vivo studies and human data are analyzed. The assessment presented here focuses on one endocrine activity, i.e., thyroid disruption, and two main adverse effects, neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. The data available on the different ED or non-ED modes of action (MoA), known to trigger these adverse effects, are described and the strength of evidence of the different MoA is weighted. We conclude that the adverse effects could be due to systemic toxicity rather than endocrine-mediated toxicity. This assessment illustrates the scientific and regulatory challenges in differentiating a specific endocrine disruption from an indirect endocrine effect resulting from a non-ED mediated systemic toxicity. This issue of evaluating the ED properties of highly toxic and reactive substances has been insufficiently developed by European guidance so far and needs to be further addressed. Finally, this example also raises questions about the capacity of the technics available in toxicology to address such a complex issue with certainty.

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Effects of disulfiram on serum Dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase and blood carbon disulphide concentrations in alcoholics

Caroldi

Paris

Zotti

et al. 1994

J of Applied Toxicology

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of single and repeated disulfiram doses on serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and blood carbon disulphide concentrations in a group of abstinent alcoholics. The increase in the blood concentration of carbon disulphide was dose dependent after the oral administration of 100-400 mg of disulfiram. Free carbon disulphide peaked at 12 h while the protein-bound fraction increased at least up to 24 h. Both single (100-400 mg p.o.) and repeated (200 mg daily p.o. for ca. 1 month) administrations failed to inhibit the activity of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. The repeated daily administration of 200 mg of disulfiram also had no influence on copper-activated serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, which was the same before and after 1-month treatment period. Contrary to the disulfiram group, the activity of the copper-activated enzyme in the serum of abstinent alcoholics declined significantly during the same 30 days.

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Carbon disulphide exposure affects the response of rat adrenal medulla to hypothermia and hypoglycaemia

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Housing and road transport modify the brain neurotransmitter systems of pigs: Do pigs raised in different conditions cope differently with unknown environments?

Housing and road transport modify the brain neurotransmitter systems of pigs: Do pigs raised in different conditions cope differently with unknown environments?

How to Differentiate General Toxicity-Related Endocrine Effects from Endocrine Disruption: Systematic Review of Carbon Disulfide Data

Effects of disulfiram on serum Dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase and blood carbon disulphide concentrations in alcoholics

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