Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gases: A Technological Review Emphasizing Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Abstract

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 in the atmosphere is a global warming. Human activities are a major cause of increased CO2 concentration in atmosphere, as in recent decade, two-third of greenhouse effect was caused by human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. There are three methods for CCS: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. Various technologies are used for CO2 capture, some of them include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. In this paper, various technologies for post-combustion are compared and the best condition for using each technology is identified.

Development and implementation of supply chain optimization framework for CO 2 capture and storage in the Netherlands

“…. 12a) and cost for the capture of CO 2 [42]. In all the cases, only less than 3 sources out of the 18 sources (on an average) selected, have a low CO 2 composition in flue gas.…”

“…Few reasons, other than the underestimation of the storage injection and transportation costs, may be the compositions of CO 2 in various flue gas sources used might have been inaccurate which can affect the costs considerably (as shown in fig. 3) or the model used for the capture and compression cost itself may not be accurate enough. However, literature also supports the fact that the capture and compression costs are the major contributor to the 365 CCS costs [10,42,14]. The main takeaway is that the capture processes cause the major lump of expenses and further optimization or invention of new technologies at much lower costs for capture can cause a major change in the overall costs.…”

The impact of surface chemistry and texture on the CO2 uptake capacity of graphene oxide

“…Also of note, porous carbons with ultra-micropores (<1 nm) are able to capture large amounts of CO 2 gas at 1 bar [16,43,44]. In this section, we show how this applies to GO materials.…”

Carbonate Apatite Precipitation from Synthetic Municipal Wastewater

“…N 2 -CO 2 mixed gases with 7% CO 2 (representative of natural gas fired power plant flue gas composition [20]), 15% CO 2 (representative of the power plant flue gas composition powered by biofuel from a wastewater treatment plant [21]) and 100% CO 2 were mixed, then bubbled at a flow rate of~0.1-0.4 L/min through 1 L of the calcium carbonate slurry in a closed, stirred tank reactor with a gas outlet ducted to a fume hood. The pH and calcium concentrations were monitored as function of time until the values stabilized.…”