Carbon Dioxide Condensation Cycles For Power Production

Angelino, G.

doi:10.1115/1.3609190

Cited by 368 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…In this analysis the "condensing" cycle increases the efficiency to 48.3% for the same peak turbine inlet temperature. The condensing re-compression cycle was originally described in a series of reports by Angelino, (Angelino, 1967(Angelino, , 1968(Angelino, , and 1969, and it provided the foundation for the MIT research by Dostal (Dostal, 2004). In the condensing power cycle, the waste heat cooler condenses the CO 2 to a saturated liquid, at the compressor inlet, rather than a gas as in the Brayton cycle.…”

Section: The Condensing Power Cycle For Moderate To High Turbine Inlementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and experimental results for condensing supercritical CO2 power cycles.

Wright¹,

Conboy²,

Radel³

et al. 2011

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This Sandia supported research project evaluated the potential improvement that "condensing" supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) power cycles can have on the efficiency of Light Water Reactors (LWR). The analytical portion of research project identified that a S-CO 2 "condensing" re-compression power cycle with multiple stages of reheat can increase LWR power conversion efficiency from 33-34% to 37-39%. The experimental portion of the project used Sandia's S-CO 2 research loop to show that the as designed radial compressor could "pump" liquid CO 2 and that the gas-cooler's could "condense" CO 2 even though both of these S-CO 2 components were designed to operate on vapor phase S-CO 2 near the critical point. There is potentially very high value to this research as it opens the possibility of increasing LWR power cycle efficiency, above the 33-34% range, while lowering the capital cost of the power plant because of the small size of the S-CO 2 power system. In addition it provides a way to incrementally build advanced LWRs that are optimally designed to couple to S-CO 2 power conversion systems to increase the power cycle efficiency to near 40%. 4 Executive SummaryThis "late start" LDRD project evaluated the potential improvement that "condensing" supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) power cycles can have on the power conversion efficiency of Light Water Reactors (LWR). The research was performed over a period of about 3-4 months and consisted of both analysis and experiments. The analytical portion of research project identified that a S-CO 2 "condensing" re-compression power cycle with multiple stages of reheat can increase LWR efficiency to ~37-39%, according to computational models. Typical LWRs using steam turbines operate closer to 33-35%. The experimental portion of this project used Sandia's S-CO 2 research loop to show that the as-designed radial compressor could efficiently "pump" liquid CO 2 and that the gas cooler could "condense" CO 2, even though both of these components were designed to operate using single phase CO 2 near the critical point.There is potentially very high value to this research, as it opens the possibility of increasing LWR power cycle efficiency above the 33-35% range, while lowering the capital cost of the power plant due to the small size of the S-CO 2 power system . In addition this provides a way to incrementally build advanced LWRs that are optimally designed to couple to S-CO 2 power conversion systems, to further increase the power cycle efficiency beyond 40%.The research project consisted of two portions, an analysis portion and an experimental portion. The first portion performed a series of power cycle analysis to assess the potential of S-CO 2 power systems to increase the efficiency in LWRs. The power cycle that appears most suitable for LWRs is the "condensing" re-compression cycle with multiple stages of reheat. The second effort performed a series of experimental tests using the Sandia S-CO 2 compression test-loop to validate the ability of these power ...

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Section: The Condensing Power Cycle For Moderate To High Turbine Inlementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and experimental results for condensing supercritical CO2 power cycles.

Wright¹,

Conboy²,

Radel³

et al. 2011

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“…A split-flow configuration, referred to as flow recompression in some references, is the baseline configuration for this work. The split-flow configuration, proposed by Angelino (1968Angelino ( , 1969, allows for an increase in efficiency of several percentage points as compared to a simple recuperated cycle. The reason for this is that the heat capacities for CO 2 are significantly different as a function of temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Disadvantages Of the S-co 2 Cycle Include The Followingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical CO2 direct cycle Gas Fast Reactor (SC-GFR) concept.

Wright¹,

Parma²,

Suo-Anttila³

et al. 2011

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This report describes the supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) direct cycle gas fast reactor (SC-GFR) concept. The SC-GFR reactor concept was developed to determine the feasibility of a right size reactor (RSR) type concept using S-CO 2 as the working fluid in a direct cycle fast reactor. Scoping analyses were performed for a 200 to 400 MWth reactor and an S-CO 2 Brayton cycle. Although a significant amount of work is still required, this type of reactor concept maintains some potentially significant advantages over ideal gas-cooled systems and liquid metal-cooled systems. The analyses presented in this report show that a relatively small long-life reactor core could be developed that maintains decay heat removal by natural circulation. The concept is based largely on the Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) commercial power plants operated in the United Kingdom and other GFR concepts. LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY5

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“…The concept of the supercritical CO 2 Brayton cycle was first proposed in the 1960s [1,2], but research progressed slowly at that time for various reasons. With the global energy and environmental problems highlighted and the progress of manufacturing technology, the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle has regained attention and is expected to be used in many fields [3], including nuclear energy, solar energy, and geothermal energy etc., as displayed in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Design and Model Assessment of a Supercritical CO2 Compressor

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The compressor is a key component in the supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2 ) Brayton cycle. In this paper, the authors designed a series of supercritical CO 2 compressors with different parameters. These compressors are designed for 100 MWe, 10 MWe and 1 MWe scale power systems, respectively. For the 100 MWe SCO 2 Brayton cycle, an axial compressor has been designed by the Smith chart to test whether an axial compressor is suitable for the SCO 2 Brayton cycle. Using a specific speed and a specific diameter, the remaining two compressors were designed as centrifugal compressors with different pressure ratios to examine whether models used for air in the past are applicable to SCO 2 . All compressors were generated and analyzed with internal MATLAB programs coupled with the NIST REFPROP database. Finally, the design results are all checked by numerical simulations due to the lack of reliable experimental data. Research has found that in order to meet the de Haller stall criterion, axial compressors require a considerable number of stages, which introduces many additional problems. Thus, a centrifugal compressor is more suitable for the SCO 2 Brayton cycle, even for a 100 MWe scale system. For the performance prediction model of a centrifugal compressor, the stall predictions are compared with steady numerical calculation, which indicates that past stall criteria may also be suitable for SCO 2 compressors, but more validations are needed. However, the accuracy of original loss models is found to be inadequate, particularly for lower flow and higher pressure ratio cases. Deviations may be attributed to the underestimation of clearance loss according to the result of steady simulation. A modified model is adopted which can improve the precision to a certain extent, but more general and reasonable loss models are needed to improve design accuracy in the future.

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Carbon Dioxide Condensation Cycles For Power Production

Cited by 368 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling and experimental results for condensing supercritical CO2 power cycles.

Modeling and experimental results for condensing supercritical CO2 power cycles.

Supercritical CO2 direct cycle Gas Fast Reactor (SC-GFR) concept.

Preliminary Design and Model Assessment of a Supercritical CO2 Compressor

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