Carbon-coated Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 as insertion type electrode for lithium-ion hybrid electrochemical capacitors: An evaluation of anode and cathodic performance
“…Although both SnO 2 @C@half-rGO//gpC and SnO 2 @C/rGO//gpC benefit from the mesopores inside the SnO 2 clusters and the conductive rGO matrix outside, the half-open structure gives SnO 2 @C@half-rGO a larger exposed surface than SnO 2 @C/rGO for the high-speed transfer of Li + .Figure 7Ragone chart of SnO 2 @C@half-rGO//gpC and SnO 2 @C/rGO//gpC. The performance is compared with reported similar LIHC systems including Fe 3 O 4 /graphene//3D-graphene 32 , VN-RGO//AC 33 , porous NbN//AC 34 , MnO@graphene//HNC 35 , SnO 2 /Cu/CNT//AC 36 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 //activated bottom-up graphene 37 , and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 -C//AC 38 .
…”
Inspired by nature, herein we designed a novel construction of SnO2 anodes with an extremely high lithium storage performance. By utilizing small sheets of graphene oxide, the partitioned-pomegranate-like structure was constructed (SnO2@C@half-rGO), in which the porous clusters of SnO2 nanoparticles are partially supported by reduced graphene oxide sheets while the rest part is exposed (half-supported), like partitioned pomegranates. When served as anode for lithium-ion batteries, SnO2@C@half-rGO exhibited considerably high specific capacity (1034.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA g−1), superior rate performance and remarkable durability (370.3 mAh g−1 after 10000 cycles at 5 A g−1). When coupled with graphitized porous carbon cathode for lithium-ion hybrid capacitors, the fabricated devices delivered a high energy density of 257 Wh kg−1 at ∼200 W kg−1 and maintained 79 Wh kg−1 at a super-high power density of ∼20 kW kg−1 within a wide voltage window up to 4 V. This facile and scalable approach demonstrates a new architecture for graphene-based composite for practical use in energy storage with high performance.
“…Although both SnO 2 @C@half-rGO//gpC and SnO 2 @C/rGO//gpC benefit from the mesopores inside the SnO 2 clusters and the conductive rGO matrix outside, the half-open structure gives SnO 2 @C@half-rGO a larger exposed surface than SnO 2 @C/rGO for the high-speed transfer of Li + .Figure 7Ragone chart of SnO 2 @C@half-rGO//gpC and SnO 2 @C/rGO//gpC. The performance is compared with reported similar LIHC systems including Fe 3 O 4 /graphene//3D-graphene 32 , VN-RGO//AC 33 , porous NbN//AC 34 , MnO@graphene//HNC 35 , SnO 2 /Cu/CNT//AC 36 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 //activated bottom-up graphene 37 , and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 -C//AC 38 .
…”
Inspired by nature, herein we designed a novel construction of SnO2 anodes with an extremely high lithium storage performance. By utilizing small sheets of graphene oxide, the partitioned-pomegranate-like structure was constructed (SnO2@C@half-rGO), in which the porous clusters of SnO2 nanoparticles are partially supported by reduced graphene oxide sheets while the rest part is exposed (half-supported), like partitioned pomegranates. When served as anode for lithium-ion batteries, SnO2@C@half-rGO exhibited considerably high specific capacity (1034.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA g−1), superior rate performance and remarkable durability (370.3 mAh g−1 after 10000 cycles at 5 A g−1). When coupled with graphitized porous carbon cathode for lithium-ion hybrid capacitors, the fabricated devices delivered a high energy density of 257 Wh kg−1 at ∼200 W kg−1 and maintained 79 Wh kg−1 at a super-high power density of ∼20 kW kg−1 within a wide voltage window up to 4 V. This facile and scalable approach demonstrates a new architecture for graphene-based composite for practical use in energy storage with high performance.
“…This mode is not allowed in the case of perfect graphite and can be recorded only in the presence of disordered carbon [36]. The intensity ratio between D and G bands is an indicative of the amount of sp 2 and sp 3 type carbons in the sample [4,37,38]. The intensity ratio of ACHH is calculated to be 1.008 which clearly showed almost equal distribution of sp 2 and sp 3 bonded carbon, hence the conductivity of the sample could be maintained of activation.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This combination allows the device to exploit the higher energy density of batteries and the excellent high power performance of supercapacitors [1,2]. A large amount of research has gone into the pin pointing of a material that can be a suitable battery type electrode including materials like Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) [2,3], LiMn 2 O 4 [3], Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 [4], TiP 2 O 7 [5], Li 2 MnSiO 4 [6], LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 [7], Li 2 FeSiO 4 [8] and V 2 O 5 [9] etc., the difficulty in finding a suitable intercalation host for Li-HEC's are the stringent requirements that are put on the materials including extremely high stability and exceptional high rate performance. Although the intercalation electrode is the more studied of the two electrodes in a Li-HEC configuration, the supercapacitor electrode mainly consisting of high surface area carbonaceous materials like activated carbon (AC) is the limiting factor in achieving a high energy density [10].…”
“…The potential range was restricted in 3.2-4.3 V vs. Li to prevent the removal of third Li-ion from crystal structure which leads to crystalloggraphic deformations leading to loss in cycleability [41] . Fig.4a shows the rate ability of samples and the capacity fading becomes larger with increasing x, especially when the rate is more than 2 C. Sample B and C (x=0.03 & 0.06) have outstanding rate performance that their specific capacity excesses 100 mAh·g -1 at 15 C. It means that Li-ion batteries using them as cathode materials can be charged in about 75% of its theoretical capacity in 4 minutes (15 C) or 90% in 30 minutes (2 C).…”
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