We report a novel method for the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) with various morphologies through self‐assembly and calcination, which starts from the raw materials melamine, urea, and cyanuric acid. The hollow to wormlike morphologies of g‐C3N4 could be readily tailored by adjusting the molar ratio of melamine to urea; with increase in the molar ratio from 3:1 to 1:3, a morphology transformation was observed. The morphologies were tailored by self‐assembly of the aggregates by hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions. Correspondingly, an increased BET surface area from 49.6 to 97.4 m2 g−1 was observed. If used as a photocatalyst in degrading rhodamine B (RhB) under visible‐light irradiation, these g‐C3N4 samples demonstrated 7 to 13 times higher performance than conventional bulk g‐C3N4. The high performance was attributed to the unique morphology that provided not only high specific surface area but low recombination losses of photogenerated charges.
A new route is presented for the synthesis of Si nanoparticle/Graphene (Si-Gr) composite by a sonochemical method and then magnesiothermic reduction process. During the process, silica particles were firstly synthesized and deposited on the surface of graphene oxide (SiO2-GO) by ultrasonic waves, subsequent lowtemperature magnesiothermic reduction transformed SiO 2 to Si nanoparticles in situ on graphene sheets. The phase of the obtained materials was influenced by the weight ratio of Mg to SiO 2-GO. With the optimized ratio of 1 : 1, we can get Si nanoparticles on Gr sheets, with the average particle size of Si around 30 nm. Accordingly, the resultant Si-Gr with 78 wt% Si inside delivered a reversible capacity of 1100 mA h g-1, with very little fading when the charge rates change from 100 mA g-1 to 2000 mA g-1 and then back to 100 mA g-1. Thus, this strategy offers an efficient method for the controlled synthesis of Si nanoparticles on Gr sheets with a high rate performance, attributing to combination of the nanosized Si particles and the graphene. 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry. . Thus, this strategy offers an efficient method for the controlled synthesis of Si nanoparticles on Gr sheets with a high rate performance, attributing to combination of the nanosized Si particles and the graphene.
The construction of high‐performance electrodes with sufficient active sites and interconnected networks for rapid electron/ions transport is challengeable for energy storage devices. Inspired by natural leaves, a facile 3D‐printing strategy for constructing architected Ni0.33Co0.66S2/graphene (3DP‐NCS/G) aerogels to mimic the analogous mass transfer process toward superior electrochemical performances is demonstrated. The key step is to develop hybrid inks with printability and homogeneity by introducing sodium alginate into graphene oxide solutions to boost viscoelastic responses and adopting a new developed precursor Ni0.33Co0.66(OH)2·xH2O with ultrafine and high stable features. Benefiting from high‐speed channels for electron/ion transport provided by the interconnected graphene frameworks and massive exposed edge sites provided by the uniformly dispersed Ni0.33Co0.66S2 nanoparticles, the 3DP‐NCS/G electrode exhibits capacities of 217.6 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 164.6 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1. Furthermore, a hybrid device is demonstrated for the first time with both electrodes manufactured by 3D‐printing technique, which delivers excellent areal energy/power densities with values comparable to those of commercial devices, even at a practical level of electrode mass loading (17.86 mg cm−2). This work offers a versatile strategy for integrating various functional nanomaterials with programmable architectures toward myriad applications.
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