Carbon‐Centered Radical Addition to C=X Bonds for C−X Bond Formation

Abstract

Among various kinds of radical reactions, the addition of carbon-centered radicals to unsaturated bonds represents a powerful tool for the construction of different C-C and C-X (X = N, O, S, etc.) bonds, in which typically applied unsaturated bonds include alkenes, alkynes, imines, carbonyls, and even thiocarbonyls. When C=X bonds are utilized as the radical acceptors, reactions usually occur at the carbon position to generate a heteroatom radical, during which C-C coupling products are formed. This reaction mode has dominated this field for several decades. However, there is also another unconventional type of radical addition mode, in which carbon-centered radicals attack the heteroatom position of C=X bonds to generate carbon radicals, during which selective C-X bond formation is achieved. This reaction mode demonstrates an effective method for the construction of different C-X bonds, such as C-O, C-N, and C-S bonds. This Focus Review gives an overview of recent advances in this unconventional field.

Studying the Effect of CuCo2S4 Morphology on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction using a Flexible Carbon Cloth Substrate

“…Nowadays, Co‐based sulfides, such as FeCoS, CoCuS and FeCo 2 S 4 , coating conductive substrates demonstrated the outstanding catalytic performance comparable to that of noble metals. The transition metal sulfide arrays as OER electrocatalysts have attracted much attention for the special physical and chemical properties . Herein, we report the effect of CuCo 2 S 4 morphologies, such as microsheet, tight‐binding microsheet, hybrid microsheet/wire, long microwire and short wire on OER.…”

Dicationic imidazolium ionic liquid modified silica as a novel reversed-phase/anion-exchange mixed-mode stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography

“…So Sil-DIL was less hydrophobic than C 18 . Caffeine and phenol were separated using methanol/water (30:70, v/v) at 303 K. (7), sodium benzoate (8), 1-naphthol (9), pathalic acid (10), salicylic acid (11), diphenylamine (12), biphenyl (13), and fluorine (14). Chromatographic conditions: mobile phase, 150 mmol/L of KH 2 PO 4 solution (pH = 4.6)/methanol (80:20, v/v); other conditions are the same as in Fig.…”

“…Nowadays, many research groups have focused on this field and developed different mixed-mode stationary phases [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Different separation principles such as RP and size exclusion [20], size exclusion and cation exchange [21], RP and HILIC [17,[22][23][24], RP and anion exchange [16,18,25,26], RP and cation exchange [27,28], trimode RP/anion and cation exchange [7], and mixed hydrophobic-polar [29,30] have been combined on a single stationary phase to form mixed-mode phases.…”

Comprehensive analysis of pharmaceutical products using simultaneous mixed-mode (ion-exchange/reversed-phase) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography

“…the emergence of HILIC [1,2]) and an overall need for more comprehensive quantitative liquid chromatographic methods. However, despite considerable ongoing efforts in new phase technologies, including an increasing range of new mixed-mode chromatographic columns [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], simultaneous separations of diverse chemical classes (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, ionic) remain a significant challenge, with current practice rather bound in multiple individual chromatographic assays. These may typically involve the use of HILIC, RP-LC, or ion-exchange chromatographic supports to address the diverse nature of chemical compounds of interest.…”