Carbon-Based Electrodes for Perovskite Photovoltaics

Kumar, Arun; Rana, Naba Kumar; Ghosh, Dhriti Sundar

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-1052-3_16

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Generally, a thick metal film is used as a back electrode in PSCs, which at elevated temperatures tend to diffuse toward the active layer forming the metal halides resulting in device degradation, which is also true in the case of all‐inorganic PSCs. Carbon‐based electrodes can be used as a stable alternate as it provides high stability toward elevated temperatures and humidity 19 . Also, when using carbon‐based electrodes, one can avoid the use of HTL, which can help to resolve the stability and cost issues occurring due to the use of organic HTMs.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the degradation occurring due to organic HTL material can be resolved by making HTL‐free PSCs by using carbon‐based electrodes. Carbon‐based electrodes have also shown great potential in realizing PSCs even without using any HTL 19 . Surface modifications in transport layers or active layer can also be made to enhance the interfaces to get better performance and stability.…”

Section: Inorganic Perovskite Active Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells: Materials, performance, and stability

Kumar

Rana

Rani

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Organic‐inorganic perovskites have proven to be outstanding solar cell light‐absorbing materials due to their spectacular properties such as high tolerance to defects, bandgap tunability, high carrier mobility, long diffusion length, and high absorption coefficient. However, the associated stability issues in harsh conditions hinder their commercial prospects. In addition to the instability of the absorbing perovskite layer, the usage of organic transport layers and its vulnerable interface with the absorbing layer also contributes to the overall instability of the device. Taking a cue from inorganic solar cell counterparts, researchers have now turned their attention to the development of inorganic perovskites to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Work in this direction has led to power conversion efficiency (PCE) beyond 19% with improved stability. Here, we review the progress made toward the development of all‐inorganic perovskite materials and their integration into PSCs as stable absorbers. We have discussed in extensive detail the work done so far for different inorganic perovskite materials, their associated device performance, and stability. Besides this, we have also discussed the integration of inorganic transport layers in PSCs replacing the organic counterparts used traditionally and their effect on the stability of the device. The stability of all‐inorganic PSCs under different harsh environmental conditions has also been discussed in detail. Finally, we have presented a summary and outlook on the realization of all‐inorganic efficient and stable PSCs toward their commercial adaptability.

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Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inorganic Perovskite Active Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells: Materials, performance, and stability

Kumar

Rana

Rani

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

Self Cite

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“…There are various choices that can be employed in ST-SCs for the application of TEs such as transparent conductive oxides (TCOs), metal nanowires, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metallic films, and metallic grids. [12,13] TCOs, like indium tin oxide (ITO), can be used as both front TE and in replacement for the back contact. [14,15] Most of the time, TCOs are used as a front TE but their use as a rear TE is mostly forbidden because they require high-temperature processing which can destroy the underlying perovskite and charge-transporting layers whereas, in solution-processed metal nanowires, roughness and long-term stability is an issue because of the formation of silver iodide that can result in increasing the series resistance of the device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide–Metal–Oxide Based Transparent Electrodes and Their Potential Application in Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells‐Optical Modeling Studies

2023

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Oxide–metal–oxide (OMO)‐based stacks are highly attractive by virtue of their favorable properties for being used as a top transparent electrode (TE) in semitransparent solar cells. Herein, getting the best trade‐off between performance and transparency is focused on by optimizing the OMO electrode and the device layers with the help of optical simulation. NiO/Ag/SnO2 as the OMO electrode integrated into a device having SnO2, Spiro‐OMeTAD, and MAPbI3 as the electron transport layer, hole transport layer, and photoactive layer, respectively, in n–i–p geometry is investigated. It is shown that an optimized OMO electrode in terms of average visible transparency (AVT) does not translate to the best device performance. It is found that for the overcoat to undercoat oxide layer ratio of 1.17, a maximum short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 4.34 mA cm−2 is achieved while a maximum AVT of 21.55% is obtained for a ratio of 0.78. On further optimization of the MAPbI3 thickness, for an oxide ratio of 1, a modeled device with 4.58 mA cm−2 with AVT of 31.55% is demonstrated. In addition, it is also found that by integrating an optical spacer layer after the OMO electrode, the JSC of the device shows a jump of >115% to 9.86 mA cm−2.

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Effect of rate of deposition on opto-electrical characteristics of vapor deposited MoO3/Ag/MoO3 transparent electrode for photovoltaic applications

Rani

Kumar

Ghosh

2023

Materials Today: Proceedings

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Carbon-Based Electrodes for Perovskite Photovoltaics

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

Toward all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells: Materials, performance, and stability

Toward all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells: Materials, performance, and stability

Oxide–Metal–Oxide Based Transparent Electrodes and Their Potential Application in Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells‐Optical Modeling Studies

Effect of rate of deposition on opto-electrical characteristics of vapor deposited MoO3/Ag/MoO3 transparent electrode for photovoltaic applications

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