Carbon and nitrogen release from decomposing Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch stumps

Palviainen, Marjo; Finér, Leena; Laiho, Raija; Shorohova, Ekaterina; Kapitsa, Ekaterina; Vanha‐Majamaa, Ilkka

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.034

Cited by 150 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…These factors form the basis for most predictive forest wood decay models (Müller-Using and Bartsch 2009; Radtke et al 2009;Yin 1999;Zell et al 2009). These large-scale models do not account for the variation in wood decay rates at smaller temporal and spatial scales (Onega and Eickmeier 1991;Palviainen et al 2010;Van der Wal et al 2007;Woodall 2010). A large fraction of mass (and carbon) loss of woody materials actually takes place during the first decade, for which the predictions of current models have the lowest accuracy (Fahey et al 2005).…”

Section: Future Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on Coarse Wood Decay in Temperate Tree Species: Birth of the LOGLIFE Experiment

Cornelissen¹,

Sass‐Klaassen

Poorter

et al. 2012

AMBIO

119

150

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Dead wood provides a huge terrestrial carbon stock and a habitat to wide-ranging organisms during its decay. Our brief review highlights that, in order to understand environmental change impacts on these functions, we need to quantify the contributions of different interacting biotic and abiotic drivers to wood decomposition. LOG-LIFE is a new long-term 'common-garden' experiment to disentangle the effects of species' wood traits and siterelated environmental drivers on wood decomposition dynamics and its associated diversity of microbial and invertebrate communities. This experiment is firmly rooted in pioneering experiments under the directorship of Terry Callaghan at Abisko Research Station, Sweden. LOGLIFE features two contrasting forest sites in the Netherlands, each hosting a similar set of coarse logs and branches of 10 tree species. LOGLIFE welcomes other researchers to test further questions concerning coarse wood decay that will also help to optimise forest management in view of carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation.

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Section: Future Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on Coarse Wood Decay in Temperate Tree Species: Birth of the LOGLIFE Experiment

Cornelissen¹,

Sass‐Klaassen

Poorter

et al. 2012

AMBIO

119

150

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“…The utilisation of energy biomass is useful when it is a substitute for coal and oil. However, it has also negative effects as the removal of organic matter, and thereby nutrients, could affect the future forest growth (Jacobson et al 2000, Palviainen et al 2009). In Finland, the harvesting of logging residues are recommended at comparatively higher productive sites and 30% of the removals should be left at the site thereby ensuring the nutrient availability (Äijälä et al 2010).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of forest management and climate change on energy biomass and timber production with implications for carbon stocks and net CO2 exchange in boreal forest ecosystems

Alam¹

2011

Diss. For.

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Alam, A. 2010. Effects of forest management and climate change on energy biomass and timber production with implications for carbon stocks and net CO 2 exchange in boreal forest ecosystems. Dissertationes Forestales 117. 30 p. Available at: http://www.metla.fi/dissertationes/df117.htm ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to investigate the effects of forest management and climate change on energy biomass (wood) and timber production with implications for carbon stocks and net CO 2 exchange in boreal forest ecosystems in Finland. First, the impacts of thinning on growth, timber production and carbon stocks under the current and changing climate were analysed by employing an ecosystem model for the whole of Finland over a 90-year period (Article I). Concurrently, the potential of energy biomass production with implications for timber production and carbon stocks under varying thinning and climate scenarios was studied (Article II). Thereafter, a life cycle assessment (LCA) tool for estimating net CO 2 exchange of forest production was developed (Article III), and it was applied in interaction with ecosystem model based simulations to study the impacts of different management regimes (initial stand density and thinning regimes) on energy biomass production and related CO 2 emissions at a stand level with a rotation length of 80 years (Articles III & IV).The results showed that the climate change increased the production potential of energy biomass and timber, and carbon sequestration and stocks over the whole of Finland, but, in a relative sense more in northern than southern Finland (Articles I & II). Decreasing basal area based thinning thresholds compared to the currently recommended ones, increased the harvesting of the annual average amount of timber compared to the annual average growth of stem wood, and reduced carbon stocks in the forest ecosystems (Article I). On the other hand, the use of increased basal area thinning thresholds concurrently increased energy biomass and timber production, and carbon stocks in the forest ecosystem regardless of climate applied (Article II). The development of the LCA tool made it also possible to estimate the net carbon exchange of the forest production (Article III). Based on the use of the LCA tool with the ecosystem model simulations, it was found that the impacts of management related emissions on net carbon exchange were small compared to the total ecosystem fluxes. It was also found that the increase in initial stand density compared to the conventional practice of 2000 seedlings ha -1 , not only increased the energy biomass production at energy biomass thinning, but also reduced management related CO 2 emissions of energy biomass production (Article IV).To conclude, the applied management substantially affects the net atmospheric impacts of production potential of forest ecosystems. The combined use of ecosystem model simulations and the LCA tool will together provide new insights for the analysis of ecologically sustainable energy biomass and timber production systems ...

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“…Stump harvesting disrupts the soil more severely than conventional site preparation practices and may further increase nutrient leaching (Aherne et al, 2012) and soil compaction (PageDumroese et al, 1998;Zabowski et al, 2008). Both stump and logging residue removal have been reported to reduce long-term C and N pools, which may affect future tree generations (Palviainen et al, 2010;Strö mgren et al, 2013), and EMF mycelia, which commonly inhabit decaying wood (Tedersoo et al, 2008;Rajala et al, 2011). As intense harvesting practices have a potential to profoundly change abiotic soil properties, they can be expected to also alter EMF communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, combined impacts of residue and stump harvesting, especially on soil processes and biota, are still poorly understood. Compared with stem harvest only, collecting also stumps and logging residues intensifies the loss of both soil nutrient and carbon (C) stocks (Palviainen et al, 2010;Walmsley and Godbold, 2010), which may have cascading effects on soil microbiota and further on the new regenerating tree cohort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term impacts of energy wood harvesting on ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of Norway spruce saplings

Huusko

Tarvainen²,

Saravesi

et al. 2014

The ISME Journal

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The increased demand for harvesting energy wood raises questions about its effects on the functioning of the forest ecosystems, soil processes and biodiversity. Impacts of tree stump removal on ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities of Norway spruce saplings were studied with 454-pyrosequencing in a 3-year field experiment replicated in 3 geographical areas. This is possibly the most thorough investigation of EMF communities associated with saplings grown on sites subjected to energy wood harvesting. To separate impacts of tree stump and logging residue removal on EMF and plant variables, we used three harvesting treatments with increasing complexity from patch mounding alone (P) to patch mounding combined with logging residue removal (RP), and patch mounding combined with both logging residue and stump removal (SRP). Saplings grown in uncut forests (F) served as references for harvesting treatments. A majority of sequences (492%) and operational taxonomic units (OTUs, 55%) were assigned as EMF. EMF OTU richness, fungal community composition or sapling growth did not differ between harvesting treatments (P, RP and SRP), while EMF OTU richness, diversity and evenness were highest and sapling growth lowest in the undisturbed reference forests (F). The short study period may partially explain the similarities in fungal and sapling variables in different harvesting treatments. In conclusion, our results indicate that neither stump removal nor logging residue removal have significant additional negative impacts on EMF communities or growth of Norway spruce saplings in the short-term compared with the impacts of more conventional harvesting methods, including clear cutting and patch mounding.

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Carbon and nitrogen release from decomposing Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch stumps

Cited by 150 publications

References 37 publications

Controls on Coarse Wood Decay in Temperate Tree Species: Birth of the LOGLIFE Experiment

Controls on Coarse Wood Decay in Temperate Tree Species: Birth of the LOGLIFE Experiment

Effects of forest management and climate change on energy biomass and timber production with implications for carbon stocks and net CO2 exchange in boreal forest ecosystems

Short-term impacts of energy wood harvesting on ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of Norway spruce saplings

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