Carbohydrates and Dietary Fiber Components of Yellow- and Brown-Seeded Canola

Slominski, B. A.; Campbell, L. D.; Guenter, W.

doi:10.1021/jf00039a020

Cited by 78 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The results showed that in meals from yellow seeds, the content of dietary fibre was by 10, and Klason lignin was by 8.6 percentage points lower than in black meals. Also Simbaya et al (1995) and Slominski et al (1994Slominski et al ( , 1999 reported that the content of Klason lignin in seeds and meals from yellow-seeded canola was lower than from black-seeded ones. All four expeller cakes used in the present study were cold pressed at the same time with the same hydraulic press-shed, however, more crude fat remained in YRC than in BRC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that seeds of the yellow lines/varieties of spring canola had thinner hulls, lower dietary fibre contents (including lignin, polyphenols, crude fibre, neutral detergent fibre) and higher protein, oil, and sucrose contents than dark-seeded varieties (Simbaya et al, 1995;Slominski et al, 1994Slominski et al, , 1999Slominski et al, , 2011. Myszka et al (2011) analysed rapeseed meals obtained from 58 yellow-seeded winter lines developed at the Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute in Poznań (Poland), from the harvest years of [2006][2007][2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Published experimental results have pointed to a greater metabolizable energy value and protein digestibility of yellow seeds and meals of the canola type in chickens (Simbaya et al, 1995;Slominski et al, 1994Slominski et al, , 1999Slominski et al, , 2011. In our previous study (Smulikowska et al, 1998), the nutritional value for chickens and rats of seeds, cakes, and solvent meals from low-glucosinolate yellow-seeded spring rape were better than from dark-seeded winter rape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nutritive value and phosphorus availability of yellow- and dark-seeded rapeseed cakes and the effects of phytase supplementation in broilers

Czerwiński¹,

Smulikowska²,

Mieczkowska³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Three experiments on 242 Ross 308 broiler females were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of expeller cakes cold-pressed from 3 yellow-seeded lines (YRC 041, 036, and 022) and black-seeded winter rape (BRC), and the effects of phytase supplementation. The total P content and phytase activity were similar in YRC and BRC and averaged 9.5 g/kg and 411 U/kg, respectively. Total glucosinolate contents in YRC were from 8.7 to 10.2 μmol/g dry matter (DM), in BRC, 12.6 μmol/g DM, in which progoitrin constituted 6% to 15% in YRC, and 35% in BRC. In the first experiment, the apparent metabolizable energy (AME N ) and nutrient digestibility of cakes were determined on 5 groups of 10, three-week-old chickens. Apparent protein digestibility did not differ between YRC and BRC and averaged 79.8%. Apparent crude fat digestibility and AME N were higher in YRC in comparison with BRC due to the lower fat content in the latter, but AME N averaged 8.95 MJ/kg of fat-free DM and did not differ between YRC and BRC. In the second experiment, a digestibility trial was conducted on 12 groups of 8 three-week-old chickens fed semisynthetic diets containing 45% cakes unsupplemented or supplemented with phytase (500 or 1000 U/kg). Phosphorus retention from YRC and BRC did not differ and averaged 39%. It increased due to phytase supplementation to 45.5% and 51.7%, on average. The third experiment was conducted on 8 groups of 12 chickens between 8-35 days of age fed low-phosphorus diets containing 30% cakes, unsupplemented or supplemented with 1000 U phytase/kg. Birds fed diets with BRC had a lower feed conversion ratio and higher thyroid weight in comparison with YRC-fed birds. Phytase supplementation increased feed intake (P<0.01), body weight gain (P<0.01) and tibia * Supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant No. R12 047 03 3 Corresponding author: e-mail: s.smulikowska@ifzz.pan.pl Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 21, 2012, 677-695 678 YELLOW-SEEDED RAPESEED CAKE FOR BROILERS ultimate strength (P<0.01). In the last two experiments, the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the ileal contents was not affected by the treatments, but in the caecal contents it increased (P<0.01) due to phytase supplementation.The results of the digestibility trials and measurements of SCFA in ileal and caecal digesta do not point to great improvement in the utilization of YRC nutrients in comparison with BRC in broilers, however, some results obtained with YRC 041 were better than with the remaining cakes. The low alkenyl glucosinolate contents in YRC cakes favours their use in broiler feeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nutritive value and phosphorus availability of yellow- and dark-seeded rapeseed cakes and the effects of phytase supplementation in broilers

Czerwiński¹,

Smulikowska²,

Mieczkowska³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…The method described by Slominski et al (1994) was used to estimate the dietary fibre content of peas. In this method, dietary fibre content was determined as the sum of NDF and detergent-soluble NSP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field peas: Chemical composition and energy and amino acid availabilities for poultry

Igbasan¹,

Guenter²,

Slominski³

1997

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Field peas: Chemical composition and energy and amino acid availabilities for poultry. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77: 293-300. Twelve pea cultivars (yellow-, green-and brown-seeded) were evaluated for chemical composition and digestibility in poultry. The evaluation involved analyses for protein, amino acids (AAs), fat, starch, dietary fibre, ash, calcium, phosphorus and tannins. True metabolizable energy [nitrogen corrected (TME n ) and uncorrected (TME)] and true AA bioavailability values were also determined with adult cockerels. The cultivars showed a wide range of protein (207.5-264.0 g kg -1 ) and starch (385.3-436.8 g kg -1 ) contents which were not related to the seed coat colours. The concentrations of several AAs varied among the cultivars. With the exception of arginine, the concentrations of all other essential AAs on a protein basis decreased as protein levels increased. Out of 10 essential AAs including cystine, only arginine had a positive correlation (r = 0.79) with protein content. The dietary fibre contents varied between 190.7 and 223.1 g kg -1 and the values were slightly higher in the brown-seeded cultivars. The brown-seeded cultivars contained appreciable quantities of tannins, while the yellow-and green-seeded cultivars were devoid of tannins. The cultivars were almost devoid of fat and calcium but relatively high in phosphorus. Starch and dietary fibre were negatively correlated with protein content (r = -0.78 and -0.46, respectively), and accounted for the greatest difference in protein content. The TME values ranged from 11.6 to 13.3 MJ kg -1 while the TME n values ranged from 11.0 to 12.9 MJ kg -1 . The mean availabilities of AAs ranged from a high of 89.6 to a low of 75.9%, with total sulphur AAs (cystine and methionine) having the lowest value and glutamic acid having the highest value. There was a trend (P ≤ 0.05) towards lower AA bioavailability values in the brown-seeded cultivars. It can be concluded that these cultivars varied in chemical composition, metabolizable energy content and bioavailability of AAs.Key words: Field peas, composition, digestibility, chicken, poultry Igbasan, F. A., Guenter, W. et Slominski, B. A. 1997. Pois de grande culture : composition chimique et disponibilité de l'én-ergie et des acides aminés pour la volaille. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77: 293-300. Douze cultivars de pois à grain jaune, vert et brun ont été évalués sur la composition chimique et sur la digestibilité chez les volailles. L'évaluation comportait les analyses des teneurs en protéine, en acides aminés (AA), en matière grasse, en amidon, en fibres, en cendres, en calcium, en phosphore et en tanins. L'énergie métabolisable vraie, corrigée (EMV n ) ou non (EMV) en fonction de la concentration azotée et la biodisponibilité vraie des AA étaient également calculées sur des coqs adultes. On relevait parmi les cultivars un large écart de teneurs en protéine (207,5-264,0 g kg -1 ) et en amidon (385,3-436,8 g kg -1 ), lesquelles n'etaient aucunement reliées à la coloration du tégument. Les concentrations de plu...

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“…With the yellow-seed trait as a screening factor in breeding, it is conceivable that a thinner seed coat characteristic that reduces the opacity of the seed coat would have also been coselected for in these efforts (Stringham et al 1974;Badani et al 2006). Yellow seeds have more oil because their seed coats are thinner and their embryos are larger (Abraham and Bhatia 1986), and their meal is also a better animal feed because of its relatively lower fiber and higher metabolizable energy (Slominski et al 1994(Slominski et al , 1999Simbaya et al 1995;Slominski 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola qualityBrassica napusYN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductaseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute.

Akhov

Ashe

Tan

et al. 2009

Botany

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Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola quality Brassica napus YN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductase Akhov, Leonid; Ashe, Paula; Tan, Yifang; Datla, Raju; Selvaraj, Gopalan Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola quality Brassica napus YN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 1 Leonid Akhov, Paula Ashe, Yifang Tan, Raju Datla, and Gopalan Selvaraj Abstract: The yellow seed characteristic in Brassica napus L. is desirable because of its association with higher oil content and better quality of oil-extracted meal. YN01-429 is a yellow-seeded canola-quality germplasm developed in Canada arising from several years of research. Seed-coat pigmentation is due to oxidized proanthocyanidins (PA; condensed tannins) derived from phenylpropanoids and malonyl CoA. We found PA accumulation to be most robust in young seed coats (20 d post anthesis; dpa) of a related black-seeded line N89-53 and only very little PA in YN01-429, which also contained much less extractable phenolics. The flavonol content, however, did not show as great a difference between these two lines. Furthermore, sinapine, a product of the general phenylpropanoid metabolism, was present at comparable levels in the embryos of both lines. Dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) activity that commits phenolics to PA synthesis was lower in YN01-429 seed coats. The results of Southern blot and in silico analyses were indicative of two copies of the DFR gene in B. napus. Both copies were functional in YN01-429, ruling out homeoallelic repression or silencing, but together they showed very low expression levels (17-fold fewer transcripts) relative to DFR activity in N89-53 seed coats. These results collectively suggest that YN01-429 differs in regulatory circuits that impact the PA synthesis branch much more than the flavonol synthesis branch in the seed coats and such circuits do not impinge upon general phenylpropanoid metabolism in the embryos.Key words: condensed tannin, dihydroflavonol reductase, flavonoids, oilseed rape, rapeseed, transparent testa. Résumé :Le jaune caractéristique des grains du Brassica napus L. est désirable, compte tenu de son association avec une haute teneur en huile et une meilleure qualité de la farine extraite de l'huile. Le YN01-429 constitue un germplasme à graine jaune de qualité canola résultant de plusieurs années de recherches. La pigmentation des téguments est attribuéeà des proanthocyanidines oxydées (PA; tannins condensés) dérivées de phénylpropanoïdes et du CoA du malonyl. Les auteurs ont trouvé une plus forte accumulation de PA chez les jeunes téguments (20 jours après l'anthèse; dpa) d'une lignée apparentéeà grains noirs N89-53 et très peu de PA chez la lignée YN01-429 qui contient à la fois beaucoup moins de phénols extractibles. Cependant, la teneur en flavonols ne montre pas autant de différences entre ces deux lignées. De plus, la sinapine, un produit du métabolisme géné...

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Carbohydrates and Dietary Fiber Components of Yellow- and Brown-Seeded Canola

Cited by 78 publications

References 8 publications

The nutritive value and phosphorus availability of yellow- and dark-seeded rapeseed cakes and the effects of phytase supplementation in broilers

The nutritive value and phosphorus availability of yellow- and dark-seeded rapeseed cakes and the effects of phytase supplementation in broilers

Field peas: Chemical composition and energy and amino acid availabilities for poultry

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