Carbohydrate Partitioning in 185 Accessions of Gramineae Grown Under Warm and Cool Temperatures

Chatterton, N. J.; Harrison, P. A.; Bennett, Jesse H.; Asay, K. H.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(89)80051-3

Cited by 187 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is due to an excess of photoassimilates since photosynthesis is less sensitive to low temperature than growth processes (Pollock 1986, Chatterton et al 1989, Prud ' home et al 1993. Furthermore, the enzymes of fructan metabolism are not affected by low temperature (Pollock & Lloyd 1987, Farrar 1988, Tognetti et al1989, Bancal & Triboi 1993.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

Dias-Tagliacozzo¹,

Figueiredo-Ribeiro²,

Carvalho³

et al. 1999

Rev. bras. Bot.

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(recebido em 07/11/98; aceito em 24/03/99) ABSTRACT -(Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature). The influence of climatic variations on fructan content in tropical regions is not well known. The present study deals with the effects of temperature on fructan contents in rhizophores of plants of Vernonia herbacea, a native species from the Brazilian cerrado vegetation. Intact plants and fragmented rhizophores were subjected to different temperatures under natural and controlled environmental conditions. Rhizophores of plants in pre-dormant stage (aerial parts showing some yellowish leaves) presented higher fructan content at 5 o C than those kept at 25 o C, whereas in dormant plants (aerial parts absent) temperature treatments did not affect fructan contents. Fragmented rhizophores obtained from dormant plants presented higher levels of fructo-polysaccharides at the end of the experiment than at the beginning of the treatment, regardless of the temperature they were stored, whereas fragments obtained from vegetative plants showed a decrease in fructan content under the same treatments. It was concluded that variations observed in fructan contents are related to the phenological state of the plants prior to the treatment rather than to extraneous temperatures they are subjected to during this stage. RESUMO -(Variações nos frutanos de rizóforos deVernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, em função da temperatura). As relações entre variação nos conteúdos de frutanos e a variação nas condições climáticas e edáficas em regiões tropicais são pouco conhecidas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da temperatura no conteúdo e composição dos frutanos presentes em rizóforos de Vernonia herbacea, uma planta nativa do cerrado brasileiro. Plantas intactas e fragmentos de rizóforos foram submetidos a diferentes temperaturas. Ao final do tratamento de frio (5 o C) plantas intactas em início de dormência (parte aérea presente) apresentaram conteúdo de frutanos maior que o das plantas mantidas a 25 o C. Plantas completamente dormentes (sem a parte aérea) apresentaram poucas diferenças no conteúdo de frutanos quando mantidas a 5 ou 25 o C. Independentemente da temperatura utilizada, fragmentos de rizóforos, isolados de plantas em fase de dormência, apresentaram ao final do experimento um aumento no conteúdo de polifrutanos em relação ao início do tratamento; no entanto, fragmentos isolados de plantas em fase de brotação apresentaram diminuição no conteúdo de polifrutanos. Concluiu-se que as variações observadas estão mais relacionadas com o estádio fenológico da planta do que com o tratamento de temperatura.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

Dias-Tagliacozzo¹,

Figueiredo-Ribeiro²,

Carvalho³

et al. 1999

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…The fructan concentration in autumn was related with snow endurance rather than with snow mold resistance in this study. Temperate grasses accumulate fructans at low temperatures (Chatterton et al 1989) and during hardening in autumn to act as energy reserves (Pollock & Cairns 1991;Moriyama et al 2003), thus increasing their snow mold resistance (Abe 1986). Some ecotypes which had high fructan concentration in autumn showed susceptibility to Typhula snow blight in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotypic variation of water-soluble carbohydrate concentration and winter hardiness in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.)

2006

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SummaryThe variation of the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration in foliage and stubble and winter hardiness among cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) ecotypes originated from diverse countries were studied in the field in order to find a breeding material for the improvement of WSC. The total WSC concentration of foliage was found to be highest in Japanese cultivars and lowest in ecotypes from northern Europe in summer and autumn. The variation of fructan concentration in stubble among ecotypes was larger than the variation of mono and disaccharide concentrations in stubble and that of total WSC concentration in foliage in both winters over which this study was conducted. The total WSC and fructan concentrations in the stubble of ecotypes from Spain and southern Europe, derived from the Mediterranean region, were highest in summer. Ecotypes from Japan showed the highest concentration of total WSC in stubble, and were especially high in fructan concentration in autumn. Ecotypes from breeding material which has a high WSC concentration in the foliage could not be found among the ecotypes in this study. However, some ecotypes that showed disease resistance, good winter hardiness and plant vigor would be useful as breeding materials for Hokkaido.Abbreviations: IDSM, index of damage by snow mold

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“…In L. multiflorum, in contrast, the content of sucrose was much higher than those of glucose and fructose, clearly indicating the relationship between sucrose concentrations and fructan accumulation in the vegetative tissues of this species. According to Chatterton et al (1989), a threshold value of approximately 15% NSC must be present before fructan begins to accumulate. Analysis of starch content in the aerial parts of L. multiflorum revealed very low concentrations (data not shown), compared to those found in the two other species analyzed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal variations of non-structural carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa and Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae)

Souza¹,

Sandrin²,

Moraes³

et al. 2005

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Diurnal variations of non-structural carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa, and Lolium multiflorum -Poaceae). Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase is a native C3 grass species with high biomass production and abundance in the cerrado comparable to Melinis minutiflora Beauv., a C4 forage grass of African origin, widespread in the cerrado, displacing some native herbaceous species. These species accumulate mainly starch, differently of Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum Beck cv. Lema (ryegrass), a C3 temperate forage grass that accumulates fructans as the major storage carbohydrate in the vegetative tissues. In the present study, we analyzed diurnal variations in the content and composition of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in the aerial vegetative parts of the three species. Results showed similarity in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and starch contents between Melinis minutiflora and Echinolaena inflexa, with the exotic grass accumulating higher amounts of NSC. However, the levels of sucrose, glucose and fructose were 10 fold higher in Lolium multiflorum, that accumulates fructan as the main storage carbohydrate. Although the contents of WSC and starch were similar in the tropical species E. inflexa and M. minutiflora, their diurnal variations were different and could be related to starch metabolism, especially in M. minutiflora.Key words -cerrado, fructans, Panicoideae, Pooideae, starch, sugars RESUMO -(Variações diurnas nos carboidratos não-estruturais em tecidos vegetativos de Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa and Lolium multiflorum -Poaceae).Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase (flexinha) é uma gramínea C3 nativa do cerrado, que apresenta produção de biomassa e abundância comparáveis às de Melinis minutiflora Beauv. (capim-gordura), uma gramínea C4, de origem africana e invasora do cerrado. Ambas espécies são perenes e armazenam amido como carboidrato de reserva, diferentemente de Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum Beck cv. Lema, uma gramínea C3 de regiões de clima temperado, introduzida no sul do Brasil para fins forrageiros, que acumula frutanos como principal carboidrato de reserva em seus órgãos vegetativos. Neste trabalho foram analisadas as variações diurnas no conteúdo e na composição dos carboidratos-não estruturais (NSC) presentes na parte aérea dessas três espécies. Os resultados mostraram que os conteúdos de açúcares solúveis em água (WSC) e de amido são semelhantes em Melinis minutiflora e Echinolaena inflexa, sendo maiores na espécie invasora. Contudo, as maiores quantidades de WSC, especialmente de sacarose, glicose e frutose foram encontradas em Lolium multiflorum, gramínea acumuladora de frutanos. Embora os conteúdos de WSC e de amido nas gramíneas tropicais E. inflexa e M. minutiflora tenham sido semelhantes entre si, os padrões diurnos de variação desses compostos foram diferentes nessas espécies e parecem estar relacionados ao metabolismo de amido, especialmente em M. minutiflora.

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Carbohydrate Partitioning in 185 Accessions of Gramineae Grown Under Warm and Cool Temperatures

Cited by 187 publications

References 14 publications

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

Ecotypic variation of water-soluble carbohydrate concentration and winter hardiness in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.)

Diurnal variations of non-structural carbohydrates in vegetative tissues of Melinis minutiflora, Echinolaena inflexa and Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae)

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