“…The majority of the hormone distributions were significantly skewed and did not normalize on log transformation; nonparametric Mann–Whitney U ‐tests were therefore used consistently for comparisons of hormone concentrations. Due to the recognized effects of hormonal contraception on serum gonadotrophins, (Jung Hoffmann et al ., 1988; Trienekens et al ., 1986; Falsetti et al ., 1987) androgenic steroids,(Wiebe & Morris, 1984; Fern et al ., 1978) and carbohydrate metabolism,(De Pirro et al ., 1981; Liew et al ., 1986; Ramamoorthy et al ., 1989) users and non‐users of hormonal contraception were analysed separately.…”