Carbohydrate Gel Ingestion and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Temperate and Hot Conditions

Peake, Jonathan M.; Peiffer, Jeremiah J.; Abbiss, Christopher; Nosaka, Kazunori; Laursen, Paul B.

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.18.3.229

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These discrepant findings are likely due to variation in various factors including exercise protocols, the training status of subjects, timing of blood samples and assays of neutrophil function (27,28). In the present study, consistent with other findings (29), carbohydrate intake did not influence changes in plasma myeloperoxidase concentration. The increase in plasma myeloperoxidase concentration during the isotonic and water trials may reflect the release of IL-6, which have greater potential for neutrophil degranulation (30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

Hashimoto

Ishijima

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryWe investigated the effects of two carbohydrate-based sports drinks on fluid intake and immunoendocrine responses to cycling. Six well-trained male cyclists completed trials on three separate days that involved cycling at 60% V · O2peak for 90 min in hot conditions (28.161.5˚C and 52.663.1% relative humidity). During each trial, the subjects consumed ad libitum (1) an isotonic sports drink (osmolality 317 mOsm/kg), (2) . Blood glucose concentration was significantly higher at the end of the isotonic and hypotonic drink trials compared with the water trial. Neutrophil count and the plasma concentrations of catecholamines, interleukin 6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase, calprotectin and myoglobin increased significantly during all three trials. IL-6 and calprotectin were significantly lower following the hypotonic drink trial compared with the water trial. In conclusion, hypotonic sports drinks are appealing for athletes to drink during exercise, and may help to offset fluid losses and attenuate some inflammatory responses to exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

Hashimoto

Ishijima

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…A suplementação de CHO em exercícios intensos, realizados a temperaturas elevadas parece ser benéfica no sentido das alterações que ocorrem ao nível do sistema imunológico (Peake et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O consumo pré-exercício pode ter diferentes respostas, associadas também à forma do suplemento (ex: em bebida ou em gel), sendo a temperatura ambiente um fator que deve ser levado em consideração (Peake et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Estudos que investigaram o exercício em altas temperaturas (Lim, Byrne, Chew, & Mackinnon, 2005;Peake et al, 2008) Os dados foram classificados como sendo contínuos, tendo sido extraídos os valores de média e do desvio padrão bem como o total de indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo controlo e também ao grupo experimental. Os resultados apresentados com o erro padrão foram transformados em desvio padrão, devido ao facto de se unificar os dados a fim de se realizar a análise (Paes, 2008).…”

Section: Critério Para Inclusão Ou Exclusão Dos Estudos Na Revisãounclassified

“…Na sua grande maioria, a suplementação foi feita através da administração de uma bebida (Bishop et al, 2009;Bishop et al, 2005;Bishop, Blannin, Robson, Walsh, & Gleeson, 1999;Carlson et al, 2008;Chan, Koch, Benedict, & Pottteiger, 2003;Green, Croaker, & Rowbottom, 2003;Koch, Potteiger, Chan, Benedict, & Frey, 2001;Lancaster et al, 2005;Mendes et al, 2009;Nieman et al, 2006;Nieman et al, 2004;Nieman et al, 2003;Scharhag, Meyer, Gabriel, Auracher, & Kindermann 2002;Starkie et al, 2000;Timmons, Tarnopolsky, & Bar-Or, 2004), no entanto, houve casos em que ela foi administrada na dieta (Bishop et al, 2001) dos participantes. Outra forma de ingestão também encontrada foi, sob a forma de gel (Peake et al, 2008), entretanto esse estudo não foi selecionado na presente meta-análise, pois os seus resultados eram referentes ao exercício físico realizado a elevadas temperaturas, não respeitando assim os critérios de inclusão previamente descritos.…”

Section: Suplementação De Hidratos De Carbono E Exercício Físico | 87unclassified

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Meta-análise do efeito no sistema imunitário da suplementação de hidratos de carbono no exercício físico

Borges¹,

Teixeira²,

Ferreira³

2012

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ARTIGO DE REVISÃO | REVIEW ARTICLE RESUMOO efeito da suplementação com hidratos de carbono ou da modificação da dieta tem sido apresentada como influenciadora do número de leucócitos plasmáticos e em alguns casos das respostas imunes associadas ao exercício físico, podendo reduzir os riscos de infeções. O objetivo desta meta-análise foi verificar a eficácia da suplementação com hidratos de carbono (CHO) na atenuação da leucositose induzida após o exercício físico. As bases selecionadas foram PubMed, EBSCO, SciELO e Science Direct, o período selecionado para busca foi de Janeiro de 1999 a Junho de 2010. Foram incluídos 17 estudos que apresentavam suplementação com CHO. Na sua grande maioria, a suplementação foi feita através da administração de uma bebida. A suplementação de CHO no exercício físico quando comparado com um grupo controlo (placebo) teve um efeito para o número total de leucócitos de Z = 4.35, de linfócitos Z = 3.24 e neutrófilos Z = 3.30, todos estatisticamente significativos (p < .05). Para o número total de monócitos Z = 2.16 (p > .05) não foi estatisticamente significativo. A partir dos resultados desta meta-análise pode-se verificar que a suplementação com hidratos de carbono no exercício físico pode ser eficaz em relação à proteção e à manutenção da "saúde" no sistema imunitário. Palavras-chave: exercício físico, hidratos de carbono, sistema imunitário, meta-análise, leucócitos ABSTRACTThe effect of carbohydrate supplementation or dietary modification has been presented as influential in the number of leukocytes in plasma and in some cases in the immune responses associated with exercise, which could reduce the risk of infections. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of the effect of carbohydrate supplementation in the attenuation of leukocytosis, induced after exercise. The selected databases were PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct and SciELO, the search for the selected period was January 1999 to June 2010. We included 17 studies that showed supplementation with CHO. In the majority, supplementation was done by administering a drink. Supplementation of CHO in the exercise group when compared with control (placebo) had an effect on the total number of leukocytes Z = 4.35, lymphocytes Z = 3.24 and neutrophils Z = 3.30, all statistically significant (p < .05). For the total number of monocytes Z = 2.16 (p > .05) this was not statistically significant. The results of this meta-analysis showed that carbohydrate supplementation on physical exercise could be effective with respect to protection and maintenance of health in the immune system.

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The effects of date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress and aerobic and anaerobic performance following high-intensity interval training sessions: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2022

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Although high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an efficient method to improve vascular function, maximal oxygen consumption, and muscle mitochondrial capacity, acute HIIT overstresses the oxidative and immune systems and causes muscle soreness and damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of date seeds on exercise-induced oxidative stress and aerobic and anaerobic performance following HIIT sessions. Thirty-six physically active men and women aged 18-35 years were assigned to take 26g/d of date seed powder (DSP, n=18) or wheat bran powder (placebo, n=18) before and after HIIT workouts for 14 days. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2) were determined at baseline, at the end of the intervention, and 24 hours’ post-intervention. We used the Cooper and running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) to assess aerobic and anaerobic performance at the study’s beginning and end. Independent Student’s t tests, analysis of covariance, and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the quantitative variables. Positive changes were observed in TAC, TOS, OSI, GPx, MDA, and VAS after intervention and at 24 h post-exercise (p<0.05). Likewise, peak power and fatigue index were significantly improved in DSP in comparison to the placebo group. Levels of SOD, uric acid, 8-iso-PGF2, VO2 max, and average power were not changed after training. Our results showed that date seed supplementation in active participants performing HIIT bouts ameliorated oxidative stress and improved performance parameters.

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Carbohydrate Gel Ingestion and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Temperate and Hot Conditions

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

Meta-análise do efeito no sistema imunitário da suplementação de hidratos de carbono no exercício físico

The effects of date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress and aerobic and anaerobic performance following high-intensity interval training sessions: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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