Carbohydrate Absorption in Malnourished Children

Bowie, M. D.; Barbezat, G. O.; Hansen, Jo‐Ida C.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/20.2.89

Cited by 75 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Alterations in the permeability characteristics of the enterocytes have also been documented in undernutrition (I, 27). Malnourished infants frequently suffer from various intestinal disorders (25), the precise molecular basis of which is not clear, but infection, malabsorption, pancreatic dysfunctions, and atrophy of the intestinal mucosa have been implicated in these derangements (3,5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Structure and Function: Effect of Early Postnatal Undernutrition

et al. 1981

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confidence: 99%

Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Structure and Function: Effect of Early Postnatal Undernutrition

et al. 1981

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“…The mean value for protein in patients with diarrhea was 670 mg/24 hr as compared 1 Twenty-four-hour fecal excretion of free amino acids, protein, and nitrogen of five control infants (ages 2.5-9 months) and from six infants with diarrhea (ages 5-20 months, total of eight collections). 2 The total is based on the overall amino acid excretion in each 24-hr collection , rather than a summation of the means or ranges for individual amino acids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corresponding data on five control infants are also presented. 2 The total is based on the overall amino acid excretion in each 24-hr collection, rather than a summation of the means or ranges for individual amino acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These losses may lead to protein deficiency. Such deficiency per se is known to cause malabsorption of carbohydrate [3] and fat [22], atrophy of intestinal mucosa [12,27], and interference with the svnthesis of digestive enzymes [2,15,16]. 1 Twenty-four-hour fecal excretion of amino acids, protein, and nitrogen of patient described in Table II readmitted with acute diarrhea 6 weeks following recovery from prolonged illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous Amino Acid Loss and Its Significance in Infantile Diarrhea

1973

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ExtractSignificant amino acid loss through the stool, analogous to impeded reabsorption of water, fat, and electrolytes, was suspected in infantile diarrhea. The stools of six patients, who had acute diarrhea and received no protein by mouth, were collected and analyzed for amino acids, nitrogen, and protein. Similar determinations were made on five normal controls. In addition, stool collections were made from one patient during a severe protracted diarrhea which necessitated parenteral alimentation, during a subsequent isolated acute episode of diarrhea, and after complete recovery. The results of the analyses showed that free amino acids in the stool are elevated up to 10-fold during diarrhea, as compared with periods of remission and with normal controls. Protein and total nitrogen excretion is also elevated in diarrhea, although to a lesser degree (4-and 2.5-fold, respectively). It is postulated that protracted diarrhea is associated with impaired reabsorption of endogenous nitrogen, which results in a vicious cycle of protein depletion that ultimately leads to an intractable stage. The validity of this assumption is confirmed by the success achieved by parenteral amino acid therapy for protracted diarrhea.

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“…In some cases, intestinal damage persists for months to years after clinical recovery (3)(4)(5). This lag in recovery may be due to persistent exposure to enteric pathogens but often the cause cannot be explained.…”

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Impact of Refeeding on Intestinal Development and Function in Infant Rabbits Subjected to Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Butzner

Gall

1990

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. The impact of early postnatal protein-energy malnutrition and of 4, 7, and 14 d of nutritional rehabilitation on small intestinal growth, development, structure and function was examined in 28-, 32-, 35-, and 42-d-old infant rabbits. Malnutrition was induced by litter expansion 7 d postpartum and, in randomly selected malnourished animals, refeeding was begun at weaning, 28 d. Results are compared to ad libitum fed dietary controls. Malnutrition altered the small intestine of the developing rabbit, as evidenced by: 1 ) reduced jejunal and ileal mass as shown by decreased mucosal wt, protein, and DNA content; 2) depressed epithelial proliferation and enterocyte migration along the crypt-villus axis; 3) delayed epithelial maturation as measured by mucosal enzyme activities; and 4) enhanced glucose-stimulated Na+ transport. Refeeding stimulated rapid and complete recovery, as evidenced by: l ) restoration of jejunal and ileal mucosal mass within 4 d; 2) enhancement of epithelial renewal and enterocyte migration by 7 d; and 3) complete return of the normal pattern of mucosal enzymes by 14 d. With 7 d of refeeding, glucose-stimulated Na+ transport was downregulated to the level of dietary controls. We conclude that early postnatal protein-energy malnutrition has a severe impact on small intestinal growth, development, structure, and function. Furthermore, a brief period refeeding induced a rapid and complete recovery of these parameters. In early infancy, the small intestine undergoes a period of rapid growth and development associated with multiple alterations of intestinal structure and function. Also in the immediate postnatal period when nutrient reserves are marginal, the infant is particularly susceptible to intestinal injury. With the refeeding July 17, 1989; accepted October 13, 1989. Correspondence and reprint requests J.

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Carbohydrate Absorption in Malnourished Children

Cited by 75 publications

References 23 publications

Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Structure and Function: Effect of Early Postnatal Undernutrition

Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Structure and Function: Effect of Early Postnatal Undernutrition

Endogenous Amino Acid Loss and Its Significance in Infantile Diarrhea

Impact of Refeeding on Intestinal Development and Function in Infant Rabbits Subjected to Protein-Energy Malnutrition

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