Carbide-derived carbon beads with tunable nanopores from continuously produced polysilsesquioxanes for supercapacitor electrodes

Abstract

The MicroJet reactor was used to manufacture polyorganosilsesquioxane beads which were pyrolyzed to obtain silicon oxycarbides and chlorinated to obtain carbide-derived carbon for supercapacitor application.

Influence of Nitrogen‐Doping for Carbide‐Derived Carbons on the Supercapacitor Performance in an Organic Electrolyte and an Ionic Liquid

“…All samples showed a mass loss of 24 % after the pyrolysis, and 91–95 % of the residual mass is lost after the chlorine gas treatment (Table S1). Thereby, when we compare the initial and final mass, there is a mass loss of 93–96 %, which aligns with the low amount of aromatic groups in the precursor …”

“…The synthesis of similar particles with the same technical setup is described in detail in previous work. [35,36] In short: two HPLC pumps (LaPrep P110 preparative HPLC pumps, VWR International) transport solution A1 or A2 and solution B at a rate of 250 mL/min (pressure of 3-4 MPa) to the MicroJet reactor (Synthesechemie Dr. Penth GmbH). The solutions enter the reactor chamber through narrow nozzles (300 mm in diameter) from opposing sites and collide inside as fine impinging jets.…”

“…Thereby, when we compare the initial and final mass, there is a mass loss of 93-96 %, which aligns with the low amount of aromatic groups in the precursor. [35] We used a combination of CO 2 and N 2 gas sorption to characterize the micro-and mesopores of the samples (Figure 2, Table 1, Figure S3, S4). [20,41] All samples showed a welldeveloped porosity after chlorine gas treatment with a predominance of micropores, as inferred from the type I nitrogen sorption isotherms (Figure 2A,B).…”

“…Due to the influence of the pore size distribution on the double‐layer capacitance, it is necessary to produce carbon materials with a similar porosity to investigate the contribution of the nitrogen groups. In a previous study, we applied the MicroJet reactor technique to produce SiOC‐CDC and varied the ratio of silanes with different organic groups . Thereby, it was possible to adjust the porosity of the highly porous carbon material.…”

“…In a previous study, we applied the MicroJet reactor technique to produce SiOC-CDC and varied the ratio of silanes with different organic groups. [35] Thereby, it was possible to adjust the porosity of the highly porous carbon material. The continuous MicroJet technique ensures a constant quality of polysilsesquioxane beads with homogeneous particle size.…”