Caracterización fenotípica de accesiones de especies de Rubus L. de los municipios de Pamplona y Chitagá, región Nororiental de Colombia

Abstract

<br /><p><strong></strong><strong>Objective. </strong>To identify the cultivated and wild species of <em>Rubus</em> in 53 farms with commercial plantations of <em>Rubus glaucus </em>Benth, owned by four blackberry grower associations in the towns of Pamplona and Chitagá, (Norte de Santander, Colombia).<strong> Materials and methods. </strong>Three to five specimens were collected from each farm and along the roadside. Plants aged 9 to 12 months since their plantation in the commercial farms and wild materials with characteristics of <em>Rubus</em> were selected. Twenty two descriptors (fourteen quantitative and eight qualitative) were assessed. We considered the seventh and eighth branch buds both male and female (with five repetitions) and fruits and flowers of each material. Principal component analysis was done with the fourteen quantitative variables, to identify the descriptors that most contribute to the morphological differentiation of accessions. A conglomerate analysis was used for grouping accessions according to their similarity and dissimilarity. <strong>Results. </strong>Among the 147 accessions analyzed from the different farms, our study determined the presence of 6 different taxa: <em>R. glaucus</em> Benth (with and without spines), <em>R. alpinus </em>Macfad<em>, R. adenotrichos </em>Schltdl<em>, R. rosifolius </em>Sm.<em>,</em> <em>R. bogotensis </em>Kunth<em> </em>and<em> R. floribundus </em>Kunth <strong>Conclusions. </strong>The descriptors that differentiated the species and discriminated them by groups by providing 77% of the information with the use of principal component analysis, were: length and width of central and lateral leaflets, length of flower and leaf structures, apex shape and number of secondary veins.</p> <p><strong>Key words</strong>: <em>Rubus glaucus </em>Benth, identification, <em>taxa,</em> descriptors, principal component analysis, conglomerate analysis</p> <p> </p><br />

Machine Learning Applications and Optimization of Clustering Methods Improve the Selection of Descriptors in Blackberry Germplasm Banks

“…Once selected, they were grouped using typology criteria, botanical terminology, and measurement scales. These descriptors were verified with taxonomic keys of the genus Rubus L. [ 20 ] and the characters for the distinction of varieties of blackberry [ 21 ]. This validation confirms that morphological traits are associated with stable phenotypic expressions into Rubus genus and low environmental effect.…”

“…These tools have been used to recognize cultivated and wild species of Rubus spp. and commercial crops of Rubus glaucus Benth [ 20 , 21 ], without a prior optimization and validation process for descriptors or evaluating which discrimination method had the best performance.…”

EVALUACIÓN DE MEDIOS DE CULTIVO PARA EL ESTABLECIMIENTO, MULTIPLICACIÓN Y ENRAIZAMIENTO in vitro DE MORA (Rubus glaucus Benth.)

“…En este país, la mora de Castilla ha sido catalogada como uno de los frutales con mayor potencial agrícola, especialmente el genotipo con espinas, ya que este material presenta mayores rendimientos y calidad de fruta que el genotipo sin espinas (Grijalba et al, 2010). Sin embargo, como especie cultivable no ha adquirido el grado de desarrollo deseado, debido principalmente a las limitadas ofertas tecnológicas con las que cuenta este cultivo, entre las que se destaca el deficiente sistema de propagación (Cancino-Escalante et al, 2011).…”

Distribución y variabilidad morfológica de especies de zarzamoras en México (Rubus spp L.)

“…El género Rubus spp pertenece a la familia Rosaceae de la que existen alrededor de 250 especies en el mundo (Hao et al, 2015). El subgénero Eubatus pertenece a las zarzamoras (Rubus subgenus Eubatus) y se distribuye en las zonas de alta montaña tropical desde México hasta Ecuador (Cancino-Escalante et al, 2011). En México, de acuerdo con Rzedowski y Calderón de Rzedowski (2005) existen 61 especies de Rubus.…”