Caracterização molecular do HTLV-1/2 em doadores de sangue em Belém, Estado do Pará: primeira descrição do subtipo HTLV-2b na região Amazônica

Santos, Ethienne Lobato dos; Tamegão-Lopes, Bruna Pedroso; Machado, Luiz Fernando Almeida; Ishak, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; Ishak, Ricardo; Lemos, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; Vallinoto, Antônio Carlos Rosário

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822009000300007

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A large distribution of HTLV-2 was shown among Indians communities not only in the State of Para but also in the Amazon area of Brazil, reaching confirmed prevalence rates of more than 40% [6,51,56,63] among some Indian communities and the detection of a new molecular subtype (HTLV-2c) that was soon also described in urban areas outside of the ARB [6,33,50,51,116]. Prevalence studies also provide interesting information, such as the description of HTLV-2b among blood donors in Belém, which stresses the need for ongoing molecular epidemiology investigations [116]. A comprehensive investigation detected HTLV-1 among 0.3% (n = 39) of 13,382 pregnant women in Belém and one person infected with HTLV-2 [103].…”

Section: Epidemiological Data Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Amazon Regimentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The initial figures indicated that the prevalence rates measured by immunoenzymatic assays ranged from 3.6% to more than 30% for HTLV-1, mostly among Indians populations [84,85], that the rate was 0.91% among those undergoing blood donation screening [100]. A large distribution of HTLV-2 was shown among Indians communities not only in the State of Para but also in the Amazon area of Brazil, reaching confirmed prevalence rates of more than 40% [6,51,56,63] among some Indian communities and the detection of a new molecular subtype (HTLV-2c) that was soon also described in urban areas outside of the ARB [6,33,50,51,116]. Prevalence studies also provide interesting information, such as the description of HTLV-2b among blood donors in Belém, which stresses the need for ongoing molecular epidemiology investigations [116].…”

Section: Epidemiological Data Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Amazon Regimentioning

confidence: 89%

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The challenge of describing the epidemiology of HTLV in the Amazon region of Brazil

Ishak

Vallinoto

2020

Retrovirology

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HTLV-1 was the first described human retrovirus and was soon found to be associated with severe clinical diseases, including a devastating lymphoma/leukemia and other inflammatory diseases. Although HTLV-2 is not usually pathogenic, it is widely distributed among native Indian populations in Brazil, particularly in the Amazon region of the country. Presently, HTLV spreads mainly by the sexual route and from mother to child, and virus persistence is an active biological factor aiding its transmission. Recently, the use of illicit drugs has been shown to be an additional risk factor, showing the influence of new habits on the epidemiology of HTLV in the region. Despite the detection of the virus in several different populations in the Amazon region of Brazil for almost 30 years, the exact prevalence of HTLV-1/2 is not well defined. The original biases in sampling and the selection of epidemiologically unsuitable populations were commonly repeated in most prevalence studies, generating unreliable and conflicting figures that do not represent the actual prevalence of HTLV. The improvements in clinical and laboratory facilities have resulted in the description of several clinical manifestations that were previously unknown in the region. The extent of the spread of the virus must be defined in this region, which is the largest geographical area of the country. As prophylaxis advances toward the use of vaccines against HTLV-1, it is important to determine who is at risk of being infected and developing a disease to successfully implement preventive measures, particularly as proposals are made to eradicate the virus among humans.

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Section: Epidemiological Data Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Amazon Regimentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Epidemiological Data Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Amazon Regimentioning

confidence: 89%

The challenge of describing the epidemiology of HTLV in the Amazon region of Brazil

Ishak

Vallinoto

2020

Retrovirology

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“…HTLV-1aA is the major circulating viral subtype in Brazil, and the states of Bahia [40], São Paulo [41] and Pará [42] have the highest prevalence rates of infection. Analyses conducted in HTLV-1 carriers in Brazil, both symptomatic (TSP/HAM) and asymptomatic, indicated that the prevalence of HTLV-1aA was greater than that of other viral subtypes and subgroups [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HTLV-1aA was described in the Brazilian Amazon with a high frequency in populations with risk of infection, including in blood donors, patients co-infected with HIV-1/HTLV-1 and Quilombola communities [20, 42, 44]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1aA circulation and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in an Amazon geographic area with lowest human development index (Marajó Island, Northern Brazil)

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThis cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in a population from the municipalities of Anajás, Chaves, São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and Portel in the Marajó Archipelago and correlated these data with the epidemiological characteristics of the study population.MethodsA total of 1899 biological samples were evaluated. The samples were screened for the presence of anti-HTLV antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and infection was confirmed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR and nucleotide sequencing.ResultsEleven samples (0.58%) were seropositive for HTLV, but molecular analysis confirmed positivity in only two samples (0.11%). Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two samples positive for HTLV-1 that were isolated in Chaves belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype 1 (HTLV-1a) and Transcontinental subgroup (A).ConclusionOur results confirmed the presence of Cosmopolitan Transcontinental HTLV-1 in the Marajó Archipelago, Amazon region, and the majority of the population revealed a lack of knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, which increases the risk of dissemination of HTLV and other agents.

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“…Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 belong to the genus Deltaretrovirus, family Retroviridae, and subfamily Orthoretrovirinae . HTLV‐1 began to be described for the first time around 1980 and was the first pathogenic retrovirus to be discovered …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatological manifestations in patients with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus at a reference service in Amazon

et al. 2019

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Introduction Individuals infected with the human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) commonly present skin lesions, which may be a warning sign for the diagnosis of infection. This study describes the most prevalent skin manifestations in HTLV carriers attended at the clinic of Núcleo de Medicina Tropical (NMT) of the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) in Belém, Pará, Brazil. Methods This is a study of a series of cases of patients infected with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV‐1/2) treated at NMT UFPA between 1999 and 2016. A descriptive analysis of data was applied. Results Among 788 surveyed medical records in the service, 15.10% (n = 119) were referred to the dermatology clinic. From the series of cases that presented with skin lesions, 66.39% were female and 33.61% were male, and the average age of this group was 48 years. There was a predominance of patients with noninfectious inflammatory manifestations (64.2%), followed by infectious ones (24.6%), and 1.58% with lymphoproliferative diseases. As for the group of lesions, 45.26% of the erythematous‐squamous type were observed, followed by dyschromia (24.21%), and eczematous (14.74%). One patient with a diagnosis of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma, another with parapsoriasis, and four with infective dermatitis are highlighted. Conclusion Skin disorders in the HLTV positive patient are important causes of referral to the dermatologist with etiological and skin lesions groups diversity. In the series of cases studied, lymphoproliferatives diseases and infective dermatitis associated with HTLV‐1 were presented as a challenge for the diagnosis and clinical management of these patients.

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Caracterização molecular do HTLV-1/2 em doadores de sangue em Belém, Estado do Pará: primeira descrição do subtipo HTLV-2b na região Amazônica

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

The challenge of describing the epidemiology of HTLV in the Amazon region of Brazil

The challenge of describing the epidemiology of HTLV in the Amazon region of Brazil

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1aA circulation and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in an Amazon geographic area with lowest human development index (Marajó Island, Northern Brazil)

Dermatological manifestations in patients with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus at a reference service in Amazon

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