CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ATIVIDADE ANTICOAGULANTE DE POLISSACARÍDEOS SULFATADOS EXTRAÍDOS DA ALGA MARROM Dictyopteris justii

Abstract

Artigo submetido em novembro/2011 e aceito em março/2012 RESUMO O aumento da incidência de doenças cardiovasculares e os efeitos adversos do seu medicamento anticoagulante principal (Heparina) estimulam a busca de novos compostos anticoagulantes. No presente estudo, cinco frações ricas em polissacarídeos sulfatadas denominadas de F0,3V; F0,4v; F0,5V; F1,2v, e F1,9v foram obtidas a partir da alga Dictyopteris justii através da digestão proteolítica, seguido de fracionamento com acetona. A presença de polissacarídeos sulfatados foi confirmada por análise eletroforética. Além disso, esta análise mostrou também que D. justii sintetiza três tipos de polissacarídeos sulfatados (duas heterofucanas e uma glucana), que são distribuídos ao longo das frações. Um resultado importante foi a atividade aPTT da fração F0, 4v, que foi semelhante ao da Heparina. F0 4v, é composta principalmente de uma hetofucana chamada de população A. Esta é, portanto, um agente promissor para a sua possível utilização em terapia anticoagulante. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Alga parda, Fucana, Glucana sulfatada, Polissacarídeos bioativos CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTICOAGULANT ACTIVITY OF SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDES EXTRACTED FROM BROWN SEAWEED Dictyopteris justii ABSTRACTThe increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and the adverse effects of the main anticoagulant medicine (heparin) stimulate the search for novel anticoagulants compounds. In the present study, five sulfated polysaccharides-rich fractions, denominated F0,3v; F0,4v; F0,5v; F1,2v; and F1,9v were obtained from seaweed Dictyopteris justii through proteolytic digestion, followed by acetone fractionation. The presence of sulfated polysaccharides was confirmed by electrophoretic analyses. In addition, these analyses also showed that D. justii synthesize three kinds of sulfated polysaccharides (two heterofucans and one glucan) which are distributed over the fractions. A significant result was the aPTT activity of the fraction F0,4v, which was similar to that of heparin. F0,4v is composed mainly a hetofucan named pool A. This fucan is therefore promising agent for their possible use in anticoagulant therapy.

Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of sulfated galactan from the green seaweed Halimeda opuntia

“…Therefore, this technique has been widely used in the study of carbohydrates, as it is capable of show marked differences in charge density between isolated SP fractions, which is why it is used in the identification of these molecules, allowing the preliminary analysis of extracted SP, indicating that different electrophoretic mobilities are associated to different structures. This would also explain why the F75 fraction is not visualized in this type of electrophoresis (Dietrich & Dietrich 1976, Rodrigues et al 2011, Melo et al 2012, Barbosa et al 2019.…”

“…Fractions F44 and F75 presented 5 and 8.5% yields, respectively. Several SP extraction methodologies are available, such as the use of hot and/or cold aqueous solutions (Adrien et al 2017) under controlled acidic conditions and enzymatic extraction employing different proteolytic enzymes displaying nonspecific action, in addition to the papain used herein (Farias et al 2000, 2008, Melo et al 2012. Each experimental protocol is capable of extracting compounds displaying different properties, chemical compositions, and yields.…”

“…Currently, although heparin remains the ideal model, numerous substances are at different development stages, aimed at obtaining fully synthetic compounds from mimetic oligosaccharides and developing orally active heparin formulations (Correia-da-Silva et al 2013, Afonso et al 2016. In this regard, many research groups have begun prospecting and investigating biologically active molecules with anticoagulant potential that can function as substitutive or alternative therapies to heparin in certain clinical indications (Melo et al 2012, Sujian et al 2019. Thus, SP constitute a complex group of macromolecules that have aroused great interest in the scientific community, mainly due to the fact that these compounds naturally display a polyanionic character capable of interacting with important functional proteins (Pomin & Mourão 2014, Adrien et al 2019, found in microorganisms (Kusaykin et al 2006), animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates) (Nader et al 2004), seaweed (Costa et al 2010) and some higher aquatic plants (Aquino et al 2005.…”