Caracterização Do Material Combustível E Simulação Do Comportamento Do Fogo Em Eucaliptais No Litoral Norte Da Bahia, Brasil

White, Benjamin Leonardo Alves; Ribeiro, Genésio Tâmara; Souza, Rosemeri Melo e

doi:10.5380/rf.v44i1.32977

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The characterization of the 6-year-old commercial eucalypt plantations, where the fuel was collected, is described in White et al, (2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelos Matemáticos Empíricos Para Descrever O Comportamento Do Fogo Em Plantações Comerciais De Eucalipto No Brasil

White

Ribeiro

et al. 2016

CERNE

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Modeling forest fire behavior is an important task that can be used to assist in fire prevention and suppression operations. However, according to previous studies, the existing common worldwide fire behavior models used do not correctly estimate the fire behavior in Brazilian commercial hybrid eucalypt plantations. Therefore, this study aims to build new empirical models to predict the fire rate of spread, flame length and fuel consumption for such vegetation. To meet these objectives, 105 laboratory experimental burns were done, where the main fuel characteristics and weather variables that influence fire behavior were controlled and/or measured in each experiment. Dependent and independent variables were fitted through multiple regression analysis. The fire rate of spread proposed model is based on the wind speed, fuel bed bulk density and 1-h dead fuel moisture content (r 2 = 0.86); the flame length model is based on the fuel bed depth, 1-h dead fuel moisture content and wind speed (r 2 = 0.72); the fuel consumption proposed model has the 1-h dead fuel moisture, fuel bed bulk density and 1-h dead dry fuel load as independent variables (r 2 = 0.80). These models were used to develop a new fire behavior software, the "Eucalyptus Fire Safety System". MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS EMPÍRICOS PARA DESCREVER O COMPORTAMENTO DO FOGO EM PLANTAÇÕES COMERCIAIS DE EUCALIPTO NO BRASILRESUMO: A modelagem do comportamento do fogo consiste em uma importante tarefa que pode ser utilizada para atividades de prevenção e combate. Entretanto, com base em estudos anteriores, os modelos comumente utilizados em outros países não o estimam corretamente nos plantios de eucalipto híbrido no Brasil. Sendo assim, este estudo teve por objetivo construir novos modelos empíricos para estimar a velocidade de propagação, comprimento das chamas e consumo do material combustível para o fogo dentro da respectiva vegetação em questão. Para tal, 105 queimas laboratoriais foram realizadas em que as principais características meteorológicas e do material combustível que poderiam interferir no comportamento do fogo foram controladas e/ou medidas. Variáveis dependentes e independentes foram correlacionadas por meio da regressão multivariada. O modelo para a velocidade de propagação proposto baseou-se na velocidade do vento, densidade do leito e no teor de umidade do material combustível de 1h de timelag (r 2 = 0,86); o modelo para o comprimento das chamas baseou-se na espessura do leito, no teor de umidade do material combustível de 1h de timelag e na velocidade do vento (r 2 = 0,72); o modelo para o consumo do material combustível teve como variáveis independentes o teor de umidade do material combustível de 1h de timelag, a densidade do leito e a carga do material combustível de 1h de timelag (r 2 = 0,80). Os modelos construídos serviram de base para o desenvolvimento do software "Eucalyptus Fire Safety System".

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“…The characterization of the 6-year-old commercial eucalypt plantations, where the fuel was collected, is described in White et al, (2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelos Matemáticos Empíricos Para Descrever O Comportamento Do Fogo Em Plantações Comerciais De Eucalipto No Brasil

White

Ribeiro

et al. 2016

CERNE

Self Cite

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“…Cheney and Richmond [91] highlighted eucalypts' fire potential demonstrated by the bark, a rapidly established gap between the understory and overstorey layers due to self-pruning, and fast build-up of uniformly compacted litter. Eucalypt plantations may increase fuel load to hazardous levels, as shown by the total fuel load of 11 t ha −1 in eucalypt plantation in Brazil [92]. Forest plantations of flammable species managed to optimize wood yields are essentially vulnerable to wildfires, and risk management is advised when ignitions are likely to occur in fire-prone ecosystems [91].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Influence of Eucalypt Plantation on Wildfire Occurrence in the Brazilian Savanna Biome

Galizia

Rodrígues

2019

Forests

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In the last decades, eucalypt plantations are expanding across the Brazilian savanna, one of the most frequently burned ecosystems in the world. Wildfires are one of the main threats to forest plantations, causing economic and environmental loss. Modeling wildfire occurrence provides a better understanding of the processes that drive fire activity. Furthermore, the use of spatially explicit models may promote more effective management strategies and support fire prevention policies. In this work, we assessed wildfire occurrence combining Random Forest (RF) algorithms and cluster analysis to predict and detect changes in the spatial pattern of ignition probability over time. The model was trained using several explanatory drivers related to fire ignition: accessibility, proximity to agricultural lands or human activities, among others. Specifically, we introduced the progression of eucalypt plantations on a two-year basis to capture the influence of land cover changes over fire likelihood consistently. Fire occurrences in the period 2010-2016 were retrieved from the Brazilian Institute of Space Research (INPE) database. In terms of the AUC (area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve), the model denoted fairly good predictive accuracy (AUC ≈ 0.72). Results suggested that fire occurrence was mainly linked to proximity agricultural and to urban interfaces. Eucalypt plantation contributed to increased wildfire likelihood and denoted fairly high importance as an explanatory variable (17% increase of Mean Square Error [MSE]). Nevertheless, agriculture and urban interfaces proved to be the main drivers, contributing to decreasing the RF's MSE in 42% and 38%, respectively. Furthermore, eucalypt plantations expansion is progressing over clusters of high wildfire likelihood, thus increasing the exposure to wildfire events for young eucalypt plantations and nearby areas. Protective measures should be focus on in the mapped Hot Spot zones in order to mitigate the exposure to fire events and to contribute for an efficient initial suppression rather than costly firefighting.The savanna is a very important biome due to its large geographic extent, high levels of biodiversity and intense fire activity [6,7], being among the most frequently burned ecosystems in the world [8,9]. At the same time, this fire-prone biome is perceived as favorable land for agricultural expansion, which has emerged as a key factor transformation for this region [10]. Recently, Brazilian savanna, also known as 'Cerrado', is experiencing a significant land use transformation, with the native vegetation being replaced by intensive forestry, agricultural lands and urban areas [11]. The probability of a fire to occur depends on the occurrence of an ignition source (either human-related or natural) and favorable burning conditions within the environment [12]. In the Brazilian savanna, fire is used by humans as a management tool for vegetation removal, maintain grasslands, burn off agricultural residues or clean farm borders [6,13]. Nonetheless, fi...

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“…The fuel arrangement in the burn table sought to represent the original fuel bed characteristics found at the study site and already described and published in a previous study (WHITE et al, 2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the meteorological parameters in the laboratory were similar to those described in the field (WHITE et al, 2013a;WHITE et al, 2014), extreme dryness and high wind speed conditions were not analyzed. More on the characteristics of all parameters measured during the 105 laboratory burns are available at White et al (2016).…”

Section: Laboratory Burnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This characteristic of the Brazilian eucalypt plantations is responsible for an accumulation of larger amounts of litter above the ground with a surface fuel arrangement, load and structure different from any other type of vegetation, including the Australian native eucalypt forests (FERNANDES et al, 2011;BORGES et al, 2011;WHITE et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire Behavior Predicting Models Efficiency in Brazilian Commercial Eucalypt Plantations

White

Ribeiro

et al. 2016

CERNE

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Knowing how a wildfire will behave is extremely important in order to assist in fire suppression and prevention operations. Since the 1940's mathematical models to estimate how the fire will behave have been developed worldwide, however, none of them, until now, had their efficiency tested in Brazilian commercial eucalypt plantations nor in other vegetation types in the country. This study aims to verify the accuracy of the Rothermel (1972) fire spread model, the Byram (1959) flame length model, and the fire spread and length equations derived from the McArthur (1962) control burn meters. To meet these objectives, 105 experimental laboratory fires were done and their results compared with the predicted values from the models tested. The Rothermel and Byram models predicted better than McArthur's, nevertheless, all of them underestimated the fire behavior aspects evaluated and were statistically different from the experimental data. EFICIÊNCIA DE MODELOS DE PREVISÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO DO FOGO EM PLANTAÇÕES COMERCIAIS DE EUCALIPTO NO BRASILRESUMO: Saber como o fogo irá se comportar durante um incêndio florestal é de fundamental importância a fim de aprimorar e desenvolver atividades de prevenção e combate. Desde a década de 1940, modelos matemáticos para estimar o comportamento do fogo têm sido desenvolvidos no mundo inteiro, entretanto, nenhum deles, até hoje, teve sua eficiência avaliada em plantações comerciais de eucalipto no Brasil nem, tampouco, em outras vegetações encontradas no país. Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar a eficiência do modelo de propagação do fogo superficial de Rothermel (1972), do modelo de comprimento das chamas de Byram (1959) e das equações de velocidade de propagação e comprimento das chamas baseadas nas tabelas de McArthur (1962

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Caracterização Do Material Combustível E Simulação Do Comportamento Do Fogo Em Eucaliptais No Litoral Norte Da Bahia, Brasil

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Modelos Matemáticos Empíricos Para Descrever O Comportamento Do Fogo Em Plantações Comerciais De Eucalipto No Brasil

Modelos Matemáticos Empíricos Para Descrever O Comportamento Do Fogo Em Plantações Comerciais De Eucalipto No Brasil

Modeling the Influence of Eucalypt Plantation on Wildfire Occurrence in the Brazilian Savanna Biome

Fire Behavior Predicting Models Efficiency in Brazilian Commercial Eucalypt Plantations

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