Características do tabagismo na categoria médica do Distrito Federal

Abstract

Objective: To profile the characteristics of smoking among physicians working in the Federal District of Brazil. Methods: A questionnaire on smoking, adapted from that used by the World Health Organization, was mailed to all physicians registered with the Federal District Regional Council of Medicine. Of the 7023 questionnaires mailed, 830 (12%) were duly completed and returned. Results: Among the physicians participating in the study, the prevalence of smoking was 7.2% (5.9% being regular smokers and 1.3% being occasional smokers). The remainder of the sample consisted of nonsmokers (70.1%) and former smokers (22.7%). In terms of gender, approximately 8.5% of the male physicians were smokers, compared with 5.3% of the female physicians (p > 0.05). Of the physicians who smoked, 80% had taken up the habit before the age of 20, 13% from 21 to 30, and 7% after the age of 31. The prevalence of smoking by specialty was as follows: Surgeons, 10.3%; Anesthesiologists, 10.3%; Clinicians, 9.1%; Gynecologists, 2.9%; and Pediatricians, 2.4%. Approximately 75% of the smoking physicians had been advised by their own doctors to stop smoking, although only 34.9% had tried to quit smoking with the preceding year. Of the physicians responding, 57.1% agreed that smoking is a health hazard, and yet 26.3% reported smoking in hospitals or in their offices. Conclusion: Efforts to control smoking in the Federal District should be intensified and, despite the fact that the prevalence of smoking is declining among physicians, smoking cessation programs should target this population.

Tobacco Use and Smoking Cessation Practices among Physicians in Developing Countries: A Literature Review (1987–2010)

“…Eleven studies reporting the age of onset found the mean or the mode to be under the age of 20 [11,20,21,22,23,24,25]. In general, males started smoking earlier than females, usually before the age of 18 [6,22,26,27].…”

“…Barnoya reported that physician smokers who had quit in the past had primarily used the “cold turkey” method, and none had tried NRT [61]. Viegas [21] reported, also in Brazil, that about three-quarters of smoking physicians were advised by their own peer doctors to quit. A few studies suggested different measures to reduce tobacco use among physicians [25,27,29,41,55,63].…”

Fatores relacionados ao tabagismo e ao seu abandono

“…Essa diferença talvez se deva ao nível de escolaridade superior da amostra (71,2% dos entrevistados possuíam nível superior completo), se comparado ao da população geral. Alguns estudos reforçaram essa ideia, apresentando menor percentual de fumantes em amostras com maior nível de escolaridade 9,20,21,22,23 .…”

“…O papel do profissional da saúde é essencial, tendo em vista o valor do médico nesse processo. Mesmo assim, a maior parte dos profissionais negligenciam essa função 8,9 .…”

Socio-economic and cultural factors associated with smoking prevalence among workers in the National Health System in Belo Horizonte

“…There is no record of studies about smoking conducted in Brazil with this specific population, only research addressing the subject in specific categories, notably physicians 7,8 and nursing professionals 5,9 . However, according to Barros et al 10 and Dawson et al 11 , particularities of working conditions in this group are subjected to stresses similar to those frequently related to smoking: frustration, stressful work, impotence, devaluation, lack of recognition, employment instability, high-demand workloads, long hours of work, RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados ao tabagismo em trabalhadores da saúde vinculados ao Sistema Único de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais.…”