Car Exterior Surface Displays

Colley, Ashley; Häkkilä, Jonna; Forsman, Meri-Tuulia; Pfleging, Bastian; Alt, Florian

doi:10.1145/3205873.3205880

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Large displays, especially when used in a public context, would also raise some privacy concerns, both invehicle and outside [1], that should be addressed in the future. We further want to use the collected heatmap data, i. e., the core content area to show concrete information such as media playlists or a video conference in order to allow the drivers to interact with the WSD application, and investigate the visual complexity of WSD applications in general, regarding multiple factors (such as layout, color coding, typography, etc.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Riegler

Wintersberger

Riener

et al. 2019

I-Com

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Increasing vehicle automation presents challenges as drivers of highly automated vehicles become more disengaged from the primary driving task. However, even with fully automated driving, there will still be activities that require interfaces for vehicle-passenger interactions. Windshield displays are a technology with a promising potential for automated driving, as they are able to provide large content areas supporting drivers in non-driving related activities. However, it is still unknown how potential drivers or passengers would use these displays. This work addresses user preferences for windshield displays in automated driving. Participants of a user study (N=63) were presented two levels of automation (conditional and full), and could freely choose preferred positions, content types, as well as size, transparency levels and importance levels of content windows using a simulated “ideal” windshield display. We visualized the results in form of heatmap data which show that user preferences differ with respect to the level of automation, age, gender, or environment aspects. These insights can help designers of interiors and in-vehicle applications to provide a rich user experience in highly automated vehicles.

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Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Riegler

Wintersberger

Riener

et al. 2019

I-Com

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“…A projection on the road [8,9,23,[29][30][31][32][33] The positioning of the eHMI is important because pedestrians (and other road users) visually sample the road environment in an intermittent matter [34]. The presented information may be critical to road safety, and should be understood early in time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

External Human–Machine Interfaces: The Effect of Display Location on Crossing Intentions and Eye Movements

et al. 2019

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In the future, automated cars may feature external human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) to communicate relevant information to other road users. However, it is currently unknown where on the car the eHMI should be placed. In this study, 61 participants each viewed 36 animations of cars with eHMIs on either the roof, windscreen, grill, above the wheels, or a projection on the road. The eHMI showed ‘Waiting’ combined with a walking symbol 1.2 s before the car started to slow down, or ‘Driving’ while the car continued driving. Participants had to press and hold the spacebar when they felt it safe to cross. Results showed that, averaged over the period when the car approached and slowed down, the roof, windscreen, and grill eHMIs yielded the best performance (i.e., the highest spacebar press time). The projection and wheels eHMIs scored relatively poorly, yet still better than no eHMI. The wheels eHMI received a relatively high percentage of spacebar presses when the car appeared from a corner, a situation in which the roof, windscreen, and grill eHMIs were out of view. Eye-tracking analyses showed that the projection yielded dispersed eye movements, as participants scanned back and forth between the projection and the car. It is concluded that eHMIs should be presented on multiple sides of the car. A projection on the road is visually effortful for pedestrians, as it causes them to divide their attention between the projection and the car itself.

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“…Usually, research on ambient displays is short-termed (Du et al, 2017;M¨akel¨a et al, 2018) and studies urge to, for instance, investigating the aspect of user acceptance in real life for longer periods of time (Colley, H¨akkil¨a, Forsman, Pfleging, & Alt, 2018). To the best of our knowledge, the work from Ojala et al (2012) is one recognized exception to this rule-the authors deployed their UBI hotspot solution in the public space for several years.…”

Section: Background On Ambient Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Utilization: A Classic Grounded Theory of Utilizing Ambient Displays in Professional, Large-Scale Agile Software Development Environments

Schwarzer

Draheim

Luck

et al. 2021

International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction

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This research addresses an interdisciplinary problem area concerning the long-term deployment of socially embedded technology in authentic environments. It concentrates on the case of ambient displays, where long-term research in the real world is still scant and evidentially requires methodological development. This study seeks to advance on this situation at both findings and methodological levels. To this end, we introduce our Ambient Surfaces solution that was deployed in the agile software development department of a company for circa 5 years. Classic grounded theory was chosen to methodologically guide the evaluation, while the theoretical contribution of this work is a substantive theory exemplified by its core category of Spontaneous utilization. The theory reveals insights on how ambient displays are utilized by practitioners in professional and large-scale agile environments. We found, among others, that staff members used the Ambient Surfaces largely not on purpose, that our solution evolved towards having a strong emphasis on progress tracking information, and that inter-team awareness as well as intra-team communication were encouraged.

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Car Exterior Surface Displays

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

External Human–Machine Interfaces: The Effect of Display Location on Crossing Intentions and Eye Movements

Spontaneous Utilization: A Classic Grounded Theory of Utilizing Ambient Displays in Professional, Large-Scale Agile Software Development Environments

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