Capturing CO2 from air: Technical performance and process control improvement

Bajamundi, Cyril; Koponen, Joonas; Ruuskanen, Vesa; Elfving, Jere; Kosonen, Antti; Kauppinen, Juho; Ahola, Jero

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2019.02.002

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The performance of this gel system was evaluated using the developed equilibrium sorption model. A comparison of the CO 2 recovery performance of the gel system with a similar DAC process [3] is shown in Table S1 as supporting material. The gel system consumes the large amount of heat in the temperature swing process of the slurry, resulting in larger specific energy requirements for 1 kg CO 2 recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemisorption is the major practical method for post-combustion CO 2 recovery due to its process simplicity and treatment capacity. Recently, chemisorption has been applied to the capture and removal of CO 2 from the atmosphere (Direct Air Capture: DAC [1,2,3]), as have other conventional separation methods. Amine-based chemisorption has been applied practically in post-combustion CO 2 recovery; however, the large amount of energy consumption that is associated with the regeneration/desorption treatment, which occurs at high temperatures (>393 K), is a drawback of the process [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Hydrophobicity of Backbone Polymer in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel with Immobilized Amine on Cycle Capacity for Absorption and Recovery of CO2

et al. 2019

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The chemisorption process with amines is the major separation and recovery method of CO2 because of its high processing capacity and simplicity. However, large energy consumption for the desorption of CO2 is also associated with the process. To develop a separation and recovery process that is capable of desorbing CO2 at low temperatures and with minimal energy consumption, polymer hydrogels with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer network and amine groups immobilized in the polymer network of the hydrogels were exploited. Thermo-responsive amine gels with a series of hydrophobicity of polymer networks were systematically synthesized, and the influence of the hydrophobicity of the gels on the CO2 desorption temperature and cycle capacity (CO2 amount that can be separated and recovered by 1 cycle of temperature swing operation) was investigated using slurries with the series of gels. A significant decrease in the CO2 desorption temperature and increase in the cycle capacity occurred simultaneously by lowering the LCST of the gels via hydrophobisation of the polymer network. Based on an equilibrium adsorption model representing the CO2 separation and a recovery system with the gel slurries, an analysis of the system dynamics was performed in order to understand the recovery mechanism in the process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Hydrophobicity of Backbone Polymer in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel with Immobilized Amine on Cycle Capacity for Absorption and Recovery of CO2

et al. 2019

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“…In 1999 Lackner et al [11] demonstrated the feasibility of large-scale direct CO 2 capture from air and this technology is now at early stages of commercialisation [9]. Currently Climeworks in Switzerland, Global Thermostat in collaboration with Exxonmobil and Infinitree LLC in USA, Giaura in Netherlands, Oy Hydrocell Ltd. in Japan and Carbon Engineering [12] are actively engaged in establishing commercial-scale direct air capture. All these companies, except Carbon Engineering, employ a cyclic absorption-desorption process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process intensification technologies for CO2 capture and conversion – a review

2020

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With the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere increasing beyond sustainable limits, much research is currently focused on developing solutions to mitigate this problem. Possible strategies involve sequestering the emitted CO 2 for long-term storage deep underground, and conversion of CO 2 into value-added products. Conventional processes for each of these solutions often have high-capital costs associated and kinetic limitations in different process steps. Additionally, CO 2 is thermodynamically a very stable molecule and difficult to activate. Despite such challenges, a number of methods for CO 2 capture and conversion have been investigated including absorption, photocatalysis, electrochemical and thermochemical methods. Conventional technologies employed in these processes often suffer from low selectivity and conversion, and lack energy efficiency. Therefore, suitable process intensification techniques based on equipment, material and process development strategies can play a key role at enabling the deployment of these processes. In this review paper, the cutting-edge intensification technologies being applied in CO 2 capture and conversion are reported and discussed, with the main focus on the chemical conversion methods.

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“…Efficient gas-solid contacting is an important aspect of the DAC process, especially for the adsorption phase. Contactors for DAC include monolith (Kulkarni and Sholl, 2012), fluidized bed (Zhang et al, 2014) and fixed bed (Wurzbacher et al, 2012;Bajamundi et al, 2019;Yu and Brilman, 2020), of which the latter one is the most common. During adsorption, the sorbent material remains fixed in the reactor during the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During adsorption, the sorbent material remains fixed in the reactor during the process. In the systems of Bajamundi et al (2019) and Wurzbacher et al (2012), sorbent regeneration occurs in the same reactor where the operating conditions are changed. As alternative, the sorbent itself can be transported between separate adsorption and desorption units, as utilized in the study of Yu and Brilman (2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Capture From Air in a Radial Flow Contactor: Batch or Continuous Operation?

2020

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The capture of CO2 from the atmosphere via Direct Air Capture using solid supported-amine sorbents is an important option to reduce the atmospheric concentration of CO2. It addresses CO2 emissions from dispersed sources and delivers a location independent, sustainable carbon source. This study evaluates the possibility for a continuous adsorption process for direct air capture in a radial flow contactor, using both batch and continuous mode of operation. Gas and solid flow were varied to determine hydrodynamic feasible operating conditions. The operation modes are compared by their capture efficiencies in the optimal adsorption time range of 0.5 tstoB and 1.5 tstoB. A 15–25% lower capture efficiency is found for a continuous process compared to a batch process in the relevant range for direct air capture. This decline in gas-solid contact efficiency is more pronounced at longer adsorption time and higher superficial gas velocity. Overall, a batch process is preferred over a continuous process in the majority of operating conditions.

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Capturing CO2 from air: Technical performance and process control improvement

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of Hydrophobicity of Backbone Polymer in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel with Immobilized Amine on Cycle Capacity for Absorption and Recovery of CO2

Influence of Hydrophobicity of Backbone Polymer in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel with Immobilized Amine on Cycle Capacity for Absorption and Recovery of CO2

Process intensification technologies for CO2 capture and conversion – a review

CO2 Capture From Air in a Radial Flow Contactor: Batch or Continuous Operation?

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