Capture and Sequestration of CO2 at the Boise White Paper Mill

Abstract

DISCLAIMERThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or us efulness o f any i nformation, apparatus, product, o r pr ocess disclosed, o r r epresents t hat its us e w ould no t infringe p rivately ow ned r ights. R eference h erein to any spe cific commercial p roduct, process, or se rvice by t rade name, trademark, manufacturer, or ot herwise doe s not ne cessarily c onstitute o r i mply i ts endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not n ecessarily s tate or r eflect t hose o f t he U nited States Government or any agency thereof.iii AbstractThis report documents the efforts taken to develop a preliminary design for the first commercial-scale CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) project associated with biomass power integrated into a pulp and paper operation. The Boise Wallula paper mill is located near the township of Wallula in Southeastern Washington State. Infrastructure at the paper mill will be upgraded such that current steam needs and a significant portion of the current mill electric power are supplied from a 100% biomass power source. A new biomass power system will be constructed with an integrated amine-based CO2 capture plant to capture approximately 550,000 tons of CO2 per year for geologic sequestration. A customized version of Fluor Corporation's Econamine Plus™ carbon capture technology will be designed to accommodate the specific chemical composition of exhaust gases from the biomass boiler.Due to the use of biomass for fuel, employing CCS technology represents a unique opportunity to generate a net negative carbon emissions footprint, which on an equivalent emissions reduction basis is 1.8X greater than from equivalent fossil fuel sources (SPATH and MANN, 2004). Furthermore, the proposed project will offset a significant amount of current natural gas use at the mill, equating to an additional 200,000 tons of avoided CO2 emissions. Hence, the total net emissions avoided through this project equates to 1,100,000 tons of CO2 per year. Successful execution of this project will provide a clear path forward for similar kinds of emissions reduction that can be replicated at other energy-intensive industrial facilities where the geology is suitable for sequestration.This project also represents a first opportunity for commercial development of geologic storage of CO2 in deep flood basalt formations. The Boise paper mill site is host to a Phase II pilot study being carried out under DOE's Regional Carbon Partnership Program. Lessons learned from this pilot study and other separately funded projects studying CO2 sequestration in basalts will be heavily leveraged in developing a suitable site characterization program and system des...

Influence of relative permeability on injection pressure and plume configuration during CO2 injections in a mafic reservoir

“…In order to assess how injection pressure scales with injection rate, an additional suite of simulations was completed with CO 2 injection rates ranging from 8,786 to 878,564 MT yr −1 , which corresponds with 1% to 100% of the Case 2 injection scenario proposed in the Final Scientific/Technical Report for the Wallula Site (McGrail et al, 2010). These simulations were completed for five λ and S gr parameter combinations within the parameter space, and these parameter combinations are identfied with circles in Figure 4.…”

“…McGrail et al, 2010). The lower injection rate is used on the assumption that highly restrictive relative permeability parameter sets would likely result in fluid pressure approaching or in excess of the thermophys-ical correlations for pressure (60 MPa) within the ECO2N fluid property module.…”

“…Case 2 CO 2 injection scenario proposed for the Wallula Site(McGrail et al, 2010). The scaling simulations were completed for five λ and S gr parameter combinations within the parameter space(Figure 4, circles)Pressure response at the injection well as a function of (1) the phase interference parameter (λ), which controls curvature in the van Genuchten-Mualem wetting phase relative permeability model and (2) residual non-wetting saturation (Sgr), which controls curvature in the Corey non-wetting phase relative permeability model.…”

Co-Location of Air Capture, Subseafloor CO2 Sequestration, and Energy Production on the Kerguelen Plateau

“…When LIPs are extruded subaerially, they cool rapidly, forming porous outer rinds with large voids spaces. High porosity has been measured over thick flow sequences on land, such as Columbia River Plateau, Deccan Traps, and CAMP basalts. , Pilot injection projects for CO 2 sequestration in basalt flows are underway in Iceland and in the Columbia River plateau . These projects anticipate that CO 2 injected in basalt rocks will ultimately be sequestered in the form of thermodynamically stable and environmentally benign minerals.…”