CAPN3: A muscle‑specific calpain with an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases (Review)

Chen, Lin; Tang, Fajuan; Hu, Gao; Zhang, Xiaoyan; Li, Xihong; Xiao, Dongqiong

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2021.5036

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…We then compared the expression of Foxo1 , Foxo3 , Fbxo32 (atrogin -1 ), and Trim63 ( MuRF1 ), which is upregulated in response to skeletal muscle atrophy, including cachexia, denervation, and disuse muscle atrophy 33 , 34 . We also compared the expression of the Ca 2+ ‑dependent cysteine proteases, Capn1 and Capn3 , as recessive mutations in these genes cause muscular dystrophy 35 , 36 . No significant differences were found in the gene expression profiles between MG and PG mice in any mission (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice

et al. 2023

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Skeletal muscle is sensitive to gravitational alterations. We recently developed a multiple artificial-gravity research system (MARS), which can generate gravity ranging from microgravity to Earth gravity (1 g) in space. Using the MARS, we studied the effects of three different gravitational levels (microgravity, lunar gravity [1/6 g], and 1 g) on the skeletal muscle mass and myofiber constitution in mice. All mice survived and returned to Earth, and skeletal muscle was collected two days after landing. We observed that microgravity-induced soleus muscle atrophy was prevented by lunar gravity. However, lunar gravity failed to prevent the slow-to-fast myofiber transition in the soleus muscle in space. These results suggest that lunar gravity is enough to maintain proteostasis, but a greater gravitational force is required to prevent the myofiber type transition. Our study proposes that different gravitational thresholds may be required for skeletal muscle adaptation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice

et al. 2023

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“…For example, cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 ( CSRP3 ), also known as muscle LIM protein (MLP), which promotes fast-twitch muscle fiber formation in chickens, showed significantly decreased mRNA expression post miR-499-5p overexpression ( Shan et al, 2022 ). Calpain 3 ( CAPN3 ) is the only muscle-specific calpain that has impotant role in muscle function such as muscle formation and remodeling ( Chen et al, 2021 ). Studies have indicated that mutations in CAPN3 are associated with meat quality traits including muscle fiber composion in chicken and pig ( Gandolfi et al, 2011 ; Felício et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the role of miR-499-5p and SOX6 in chicken skeletal myofiber specification

et al. 2022

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) might play critical roles in skeletal myofiber specification. In a previous study, we found that chicken miR-499-5p is specifically expressed in slow-twitch muscle and that its potential target gene is SOX6. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing to investigate the effects of SOX6 and miR-499-5p on the modulation and regulation of chicken muscle fiber type and its regulatory mechanism. The expression levels of miR-499-5p and SOX6 demonstrated opposing trends in different skeletal muscles and were associated with muscle fiber type composition. Differential expression analysis revealed that miR-499-5p overexpression led to significant changes in the expression of 297 genes in chicken primary myoblasts (CPMs). Myofiber type-related genes, including MYH7B and CSRP3, showed expression patterns similar to those in slow-twitch muscle. According to functional enrichment analysis, differentially expressed genes were mostly associated with muscle development and muscle fiber-related processes. SOX6 was identified as the target gene of miR-499-5p in CPM using target gene mining and luciferase reporter assays. SOX6 knockdown resulted in upregulation of the slow myosin genes and downregulation of fast myosin genes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that MYH7B and RUNX2 may be the direct targets of SOX6. These results indicated that chicken miR-499-5p may promote slow-twitch muscle fiber formation by repressing SOX6 expression. Our study provides a dataset that can be used as a reference for animal meat quality and human muscle disease studies.

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“…The calpain family in humans consists of 15 members and all are Ca 2+ -dependent, non-lysosomal cysteine proteases ( Chen et al, 2021 ). Unlike other proteases that catalyse the degradation of their substrates, calpains recognize and proteolyze their substrates, but do not degrade them ( Ono and Sorimachi, 2012 ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Protein Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Quality Control at the Sarcomere: Titin Protection and Turnover and Implications for Disease Development

Kötter

2022

Front. Physiol.

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Sarcomeres are mainly composed of filament and signaling proteins and are the smallest molecular units of muscle contraction and relaxation. The sarcomere protein titin serves as a molecular spring whose stiffness mediates myofilament extensibility in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Due to the enormous size of titin and its tight integration into the sarcomere, the incorporation and degradation of the titin filament is a highly complex task. The details of the molecular processes involved in titin turnover are not fully understood, but the involvement of different intracellular degradation mechanisms has recently been described. This review summarizes the current state of research with particular emphasis on the relationship between titin and protein quality control. We highlight the involvement of the proteasome, autophagy, heat shock proteins, and proteases in the protection and degradation of titin in heart and skeletal muscle. Because the fine-tuned balance of degradation and protein expression can be disrupted under pathological conditions, the review also provides an overview of previously known perturbations in protein quality control and discusses how these affect sarcomeric proteins, and titin in particular, in various disease states.

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CAPN3: A muscle‑specific calpain with an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases (Review)

Cited by 20 publications

References 112 publications

Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice

Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the role of miR-499-5p and SOX6 in chicken skeletal myofiber specification

Protein Quality Control at the Sarcomere: Titin Protection and Turnover and Implications for Disease Development

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