Capillary solid-phase extraction–tandem mass spectrometry for fast quantification of free concentrations of tolterodine and two metabolites in ultrafiltered plasma samples

Electrically-enhanced microextraction combined with maltodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis for quantification of tolterodine enantiomers in biological samples

“…Common methods that have been used for routine analysis of TOL enantiomers were chromatographic and immunoassay techniques [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In all these methods, the problem of sample pretreatment 8.…”

“…Determination of TOL has already been carried out using chromatographic methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [7], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [8,9], high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) [10,11] and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with different detectors including tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS) [12][13][14][15], mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) [16,17], and UV detection (HPLC-UV) [18][19][20][21][22]. But only a few published chromatographic methods are available for the determination of TOL enantiomers [8,9,18,19].…”

Determination of tolterodine and its 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite in human plasma by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Two LC/MS-MS procedures described by Swart et al [5,6] have the desired sensitivity both for tolterodine and its active metabolite, but their practical usefulness was hampered with 20 min long analysis time [5] and the equipment not widely used in bioanalytical laboratories which comprised a column switching system and capillary solid-phase extraction. Moreover, these two assays were aimed for determination of only free concentrations of tolterodine and its metabolite in ultrafiltrated plasma samples.…”

High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric determination of tolterodine tartrate in human plasma

“…Palmer et al [6] established a GC-MS method to quantification of tolterodine, the limit of quantification (LOQ) in plasma of the method was only 0.5 ng/ml, which was insufficiently sensitive to enable full pharmacokinetics profiling of tolterodine tartrate. Swart et al [7] developed a capillary column LC switching system coupled to electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of free drug concentrations of tolterodine and two metabolites in plasma, the LOQ was 0.05 ng/ml, but the analysis time was long; then they [8] improved their experience with the capillary SPE coupled directly to MS-MS method which reduced the analysis time. In this paper, we describe a more simple, selective and highly sensitive method by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization single quadrupole mass spectrometry for the determination of tolterodine tartrate in human plasma.…”