Capillaria hepatica (Calodium hepaticum) infection in a horse: a case report

Abstract

Background Capillaria hepatica is a zoonotic parasite in humans and animals and has a worldwide distribution. However, infections in mammals apart from rodents, which are natural hosts of the parasite, have rarely been reported. This report describes the first known case of C. hepatica infection in a horse in Japan.Case presentationA 3-year-old filly without clinical signs was presented at a slaughterhouse in Japan. Gross examination revealed white to tan nodules 0.5 to 1.5 cm in diameter in the parenchyma of the liver. Histologically, the nodules had mature fibrous capsules and consisted of multifocal to coalescing granulomatous inflammations with numerous nematode eggs. The eggs were barrel shaped with an opercular plug on each end and double-layered shells; these findings are consistent with the features of C. hepatica eggs.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first case of C. hepatica infection in a horse in Japan. The pathological findings confirmed the presence of this pathogen in this part of the world, and they highlight the importance of this nematode in the differential diagnosis of hepatic granulomatous lesions in horses.

Canine Hepatic Calodiosis with Cirrhosis

“…This parasitic infection goes undiagnosed due to nonspeci c clinical manifestations in humans and animals. Hepatic biopsy and incidental histopathological ndings in liver after death were the commonly reported diagnostic methods although other clinical investigations like ultrasound, serological methods are helpful and mostly followed in humans (Ochi et al, 2017). This parasitic infection must be considered as a disease to be ruled out whenever symptoms or lesions of hepatic abnormalities are encountered.…”

“…The nematode parasite Calodium hepaticum, earlier known as Capillaria hepatica, has a global distribution and is commonly reported in rodents (de nitive host) especially wild rats and mice (Fuehrer et al 2011) and to a lesser extent in dogs, cats, primates, and humans (Fuehrer, 2014). Hepatic capillariosis was reported in non-human primates (Graczyk et al 1999;Pereira et al 2016) porcupines (Hamir and Rupprecht, 2000) rabbits (Mowat et al 2009) horse (Ochi et al 2017). Canine hepatic capillariosis was reported in India by Patil et al (2017) and worldwide (Landol et al 2003;Palma, 2009;Ajayi et al 2010;de Oliveira et al 2021).…”

Особливості Ідентифікації Капіляріїд, Що Паразитують У Домашньої Птиці

“…Окремі види, зокрема, Paracapillaria philippinensis (Syn. : Capillaria philippinensis) Chitwood, Velasquez and Salazar, 1968; Calodium hepaticum (Syn: Capillaria hepаtica) Bancroft, 1893; Pearsonema plica (Syn: Capillaria plica) Rudolphi, 1819; Eucoleus aerophilus (Syn: Capillaria aerophilа) Creplin, 1839 є високопатогенними і мають важливе епізоотологічне й епідеміологічне значення [7][8][9][10].…”

Spurious infection by Calodium hepaticum (Bancroft, 1983) Moravec, 1982 and intestinal parasites in forest reserve dwellers in Western Brazilian Amazon

“…Upon ingestion of embryonated eggs by natural hosts, L1 larvae hatch in the cecum, penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to the liver, where they develop into mature worms. Within the hepatic tissue, fertilized adult females release non-embryonated eggs and die 2 . An obvious question is how C. hepaticum propagates in the life cycle.…”