Capacity, capability and cross-border challenges associated with marine eradication programmes in Europe: The attempted eradication of an invasive non-native ascidian, Didemnum vexillum in Wales, United Kingdom

Sambrook, Katie; Holt, R.H.F.; Sharp, Rowland; Griffith, Kate; Roche, Ronan; Newstead, R.G.; Wyn, Gabrielle; Jenkins, Stuart R.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2014.03.018

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Freshwater species generally received low scores; however, eradication was more likely to be feasible if the species occurred in lentic (still) rather than lotic (flowing) systems. Eradication of marine INNS is notably difficult (Sambrook et al 2014;Thresher and Kuris 2004) and this group received lowest scores overall. However, eradication in the marine environment may still be feasible when specific conditions are met (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk management to prioritise the eradication of new and emerging invasive non-native species

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk management to prioritise the eradication of new and emerging invasive non-native species

et al. 2017

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“…Terrestrial biocontrol is generally most effective for dense weed or pest infestations over large areas (Hajek 2004); as such, its application to isolated incursion events is unlikely. By contrast, the expansive and interconnected nature of marine environments, together with the unavailability of highly effective control tools, mean that pest eradication is often not feasible (Hewitt and Campbell 2007;Sambrook et al 2014). Success usually depends on rapid detection and containment; and on timely implementation of available control measures (Lafferty and Kuris 1996;Mack et al 2000;Piola et al 2009).…”

Section: Biocontrol To Complement Pest Eradication Programmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the planktonic propagules of these organisms can readily colonise vessels and other transport vectors, infected transport hubs can greatly accelerate human-mediated spread (Floerl and Inglis 2005;Floerl et al 2009). It has been shown that population control applied in such hubs can reduce the infection of vessels and other vectors (Sambrook et al 2014), and consequently reduce human-mediated spread; however, this requires an intensive ongoing control effort which is seldom feasible with traditional tools (Forrest and Hopkins 2013). Biocontrol in vector hubs could therefore be valuable as a population management tool, and we are currently investigating potential approaches based on enhancement of benthic invertebrates on fixed and floating structures (J. Atalah, unpub.…”

Section: Biocontrol To Contain or Reduce Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concepts for biocontrol in marine environments: is there a way forward?

Atalah¹,

Hopkins²,

Fletcher³

et al. 2015

MBI

208

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The occurrence of problematic pest organisms is an increasing global phenomenon, adversely affecting a range of environments and associated values. In marine systems, the efficacy of pest control has to date been constrained by a lack of tools that are not only highly effective, but also applicable across broad spatial scales. Here we consider the extent to which biological control (biocontrol) has the potential to fulfil these needs. We describe different biocontrol approaches and potential ecological mechanisms (e.g. consumption, space competition, habitat modification) through which problematic species could be supressed. We also discuss the ideal traits of marine control agents within the context of the selection criteria commonly applied in terrestrial systems. Classical biocontrol based on the deliberate introduction of non-indigenous agents has a high risk of leading to adverse non-target effects in marine environments, and cannot be justified. By contrast, approaches that use indigenous species have a low risk of unacceptable non-target effects, and could be used as part of pest eradication, as a means of containing spread, or for the control of established pest populations to mitigate adverse effects. While biocontrol based on indigenous species can be highly effective for such purposes, it is unlikely that it could be feasibly applied at broad spatial scales, except in specific circumstances (e.g. in some types of aquaculture). There is clearly a need to develop new approaches to manage marine pests. Biocontrol when used in conjunction with traditional approaches can provide a valuable tool for pest eradication, containment and mitigation of adverse effects.

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“…Introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) has occurred at an increasing rate since the 20th century, in pace with the increasing range and intensity of vectors (Nunes et al, 2014). Because successful eradications of invasive species in marine systems are very rare (Sambrook et al, 2014;Ojaveer et al, 2015), both pre-border prevention measures (e.g., limiting the introduction of NIS by ballast waters) and early detection focused on introduction hotspots (e.g., marinas and harbors) have been recommended (Ojaveer et al, 2014). Accurate identification is a pre-requisite for the implementation of policies and regulations such as the Marine Framework Strategy Directive (MSFD), in which Descriptor 2 is dedicated to NIS, with one criterion involving the detection and identification of new NIS, and another concerning the changing spatial extent of already-reported NIS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic Diversity and Database Errors Challenge Non-indigenous Species Surveys: An Illustration With Botrylloides spp. in the English Channel and Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2019

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Molecular tools have been extensively used in recent decades to examine biological invasion processes, and are increasingly being adopted as efficient tools to support non-indigenous species surveys, notably through barcoding approaches, i.e., the use of a reference sequence specific to a given species to validate its identification. The technique is easy to use but requires reliable reference sequences to be available in public databases. In addition, the increasing discovery of cryptic species in marine taxa may complicate taxonomic assignment. We illustrate these two issues in the ascidian genus Botrylloides, in which at least three global marine invaders have been recognized, including B. violaceus and B. diegensis. We obtained COI sequences from >750 colonies of Botrylloides spp. sampled in W Europe or provided by expert colleagues from other regions. Phylogenetic trees clearly distinguished our targeted taxa [i.e., B. violaceus, B. diegensis and B. leachii (native)]. They also revealed another discrete lineage apparently related to a recently described eastern Mediterranean species. By examining public databases, we found sequences of B. diegensis erroneously assigned to B. leachii. This observation has major implications as the introduced B. diegensis can be misidentified as a putatively native species. We also checked published sequences of the genus Botrylloides in the Mediterranean Sea, complemented with new samples. Based on our custom reference database, all published sequences of B. leachii corresponded to B. diegensis, although this NIS has hardly been reported at all in the Mediterranean region. Such database errors are unfortunate, as the barcoding approach is a powerful tool to identify the recognized Botrylloides species currently present in European seas. This is of particular importance because a trait often used during field assessment, i.e., single-color vs. two-color colonies, is misleading to distinguish B. violaceus and B. diegensis respectively: a substantial proportion of the single-color morph are actually B. diegensis in both the Mediterranean Sea and the English Channel. Altogether, this study exemplifies the advantages and disadvantages of molecular barcoding in NIS surveys and studies. The limitations that were identified are all easy to resolve once proper vouchers and collections are set up.

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Capacity, capability and cross-border challenges associated with marine eradication programmes in Europe: The attempted eradication of an invasive non-native ascidian, Didemnum vexillum in Wales, United Kingdom

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Risk management to prioritise the eradication of new and emerging invasive non-native species

Risk management to prioritise the eradication of new and emerging invasive non-native species

Concepts for biocontrol in marine environments: is there a way forward?

Cryptic Diversity and Database Errors Challenge Non-indigenous Species Surveys: An Illustration With Botrylloides spp. in the English Channel and Mediterranean Sea

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