Capacitive sensor for lick-by-lick recording of drinking

Mundl, William J.; Malmo, Helen P.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(79)90248-8

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As expected, total lick number and total lick duration also strongly correlate (R 2 = 0.9720, F(1, 363) = On average, the individual lick duration was 51ms. These metrics are consistent with the literature(Bollu et al, 2021;Mundl and Malmo, 1979;Parkison et al, 2012;Rossi and Yin,…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

LIQ HD (Lick Instance Quantifier Home cage Device): An open-source tool for recording undisturbed two-bottle drinking behavior in a home cage environment

Petersen

Adank

Raghavan

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigation of rodent drinking behavior has provided insight into drivers of thirst, circadian rhythms, anhedonia, and drug and ethanol consumption. Traditional methods of recording fluid intake involve periodically weighing bottles, which is cumbersome and lacks temporal resolution. Several open-source devices have been designed to improve drink monitoring, particularly for two-bottle choice tasks. However, recent designs are limited by the use of infrared photobeam-break sensors and incompatibility with prolonged undisturbed use in ventilated home cages. Beam-break sensors lack accuracy for bout microstructure analysis and are prone to damage from rodents. To address these concerns, we designed LIQ HD (Lick Instance Quantifier Home cage Device) with the goal of utilizing capacitive sensors to increase accuracy and analyze lick microstructure, building a device compatible with ventilated vivarium home cages, increasing scale with prolonged undisturbed recordings, and creating a design that is easy to build and use with an intuitive touchscreen graphical user interface. The system tracks two-bottle choice licking behavior in up to 18 rodent home cages, or 36 single bottles, on a minute-to-minute timescale controlled by a single Arduino microcontroller. The data are logged to a single SD card, allowing for efficient downstream analysis. With sucrose, quinine, and ethanol two-bottle choice tasks, we validated that LIQ HD has superior accuracy compared to beam-break sensors. The system measures preference over time and changes in bout microstructure, with undisturbed recordings lasting up to 7 days. All designs and software are open-source to allow other researchers to build upon the system and adapt LIQ HD to their animal home cages.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 92%

LIQ HD (Lick Instance Quantifier Home cage Device): An open-source tool for recording undisturbed two-bottle drinking behavior in a home cage environment

Petersen

Adank

Raghavan

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Keylights, positioned 4 cm above each spout, were lit when the spouts were armed to deliver a stimulus. Any form of contact with these spouts (e.g., licking or nuzzling) could trigger stimulus delivery through capacitive sensors (Mundl & Malmo, 1979).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition and summation between rewarding effects of sucrose and lateral hypothalamic stimulation in the rat.

Conover¹,

Shizgal²

1994

Behavioral Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rats were offered a forced choice between a train of brain stimulation that varied in strength from trial to trial and a fixed standard reward. This standard reward consisted of an intraoral sucrose infusion presented either alone or paired with an equipreferred train of brain stimulation. Postingestional effects were minimized by opening a gastric cannula. The presence of a sucrose standard led the subjects to forgo trains of brain stimulation for which they had responded when the sucrose was absent. The strength of the brain stimulation required to balance the compound reward exceeded the stimulation strength required to balance a reward consisting of sucrose alone. These results imply that the rewarding effects of brain stimulation and intraoral sucrose can be evaluated in a common system of measurement and combined.

show abstract

“…This nibble drinking is similar to the nibble feeding described by Bigelow and Houpt (1988) that considerably affected the feeding pattern. Moreover, Mundl and Malmo (1979) showed that head movement and tongue licking did not correlate in rats; therefore, viewed from above, the position of the head (or the mouth) may not change and count for 1 visit with the OBS method while water flow was interrupted and resumed several times, counting for several visits with the WM method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking behavior in nursery pigs: Determining the accuracy between an automatic water meter versus human observers12

Meiszberg

Johnson

Sadler

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Assimilating accurate behavioral events over a long period can be labor-intensive and relatively expensive. If an automatic device could accurately record the duration and frequency for a given behavioral event, it would be a valuable alternative to the traditional use of human observers for behavioral studies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the accuracy in the time spent at the waterer and the number of visits to the waterer by individually housed nursery pigs between human observers scoring video files using Observer software (OBS) and an automatic water meter Hobo (WM, control) affixed onto the waterline. Eleven PIC USA genotype gilts (22 ± 2 d of age; 6.5 ± 1.4 kg of BW) were housed individually in pens with ad libitum access to a corn-based starter ration and one nipple waterer. Behavior was collected on d 0 (day of weaning), 7, and 14 of the trial using 1 color camera positioned over 4 attached pens and a RECO-204 DVR at 1 frame per second. For the OBS method, 2 experienced observers recorded drinking behavior from the video files, which was defined as when the gilt placed her mouth over the nipple waterer. Data were analyzed using nonparametric methods and the general linear model and regression procedures in SAS. The experimental unit was the individual pen housing 1 gilt. The GLM model included the method of observation (WM vs. OBS) and time (24 h) as variables, and the gilt nested within method was used as the error term. Gilts consumed more water (P = 0.04) on d 14 than on d 0. The time of day affected (P < 0.001) the number of visits and the time spent at the waterer regardless of the method. However, the OBS method underestimated (P < 0.001) the number of visits to the waterer (3.48 ± 0.33 visits/h for OBS vs. 4.94 ± 0.33 for WM) and overestimated (P < 0.001) the time spent at the waterer (22.6 ± 1.46 s/h for OBS vs. 13.9 ± 1.43 for WM) compared with WM. The relationship between the 2 methods for prediction of time spent at the waterer and number of visits made by the gilts was weak (R 2 = 0.56 and 0.69, respectively). Collectively, these data indicate that the use of the traditional OBS method for quantifying drinking behavior in pigs can be misleading. Quantifying drinking behavior and perhaps other behavioral events via the OBS method must be more accurately validated. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. ABSTRACT: Assimilating accurate behavioral events over a long period can be labor-intensive and relatively expensive. If an automatic device could accurately record the duration and frequency for a given behavioral event, it would be a valuable alternative to the traditional use of human observers for behavioral studies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the accuracy in the time spent at the waterer and the number of visits to the waterer by individually housed nursery pigs between human observers scoring...

show abstract

Capacitive sensor for lick-by-lick recording of drinking

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

LIQ HD (Lick Instance Quantifier Home cage Device): An open-source tool for recording undisturbed two-bottle drinking behavior in a home cage environment

LIQ HD (Lick Instance Quantifier Home cage Device): An open-source tool for recording undisturbed two-bottle drinking behavior in a home cage environment

Competition and summation between rewarding effects of sucrose and lateral hypothalamic stimulation in the rat.

Drinking behavior in nursery pigs: Determining the accuracy between an automatic water meter versus human observers12

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About