Canopeo and GreenSeeker applications as tools to support tropical pasture management

Abstract

This study determined whether Canopeo and GreenSeeker measurements in Megathyrsus maximus can estimate plant height, dry matter mass, morphological components, and content of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber at different days of growth. Five plots of 5 × 25m M. maximus grass were defined: subplots of 1×1m were evaluated every three days, in which the pasture shows 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days of regrowth. The subplot was evaluated for canopy height and mass accumulation. The canopeo index (CI) obtained at a higher height was lower than those obtained at a smaller height. Higher measurement height increased the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relative to 0.10 m. The highest indexes were observed since 18 d of regrowth. Except for the CI evaluated at 0.10 m of height, the indexes were not correlated to the chemical composition of the forage. The CI and NDVI were positively correlated to plant height, dry matter mass, and leaf index, whereas both were negatively correlated with stalk index. Thus, lower evaluation heights for CI and NDVI can be a good predictor of forage height. Values of 0.83 and 85.8 for NDVI and CI, respectively, indicated an appropriate time to start the grazing of M. maximus.

Managing itchgrass and morningglory in plant cane: a strong decision on associating herbicides for pre-emergence control

“…According to Patrignani and Ochsner (2015), the fractional green canopy coverage can be calculated using the mobile device application Canopeo® (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK), which automatically classi es pixels as green or not green. The app can access the phone camera (mounted on a drone) and analyze and classify all pixels in the image using color values in the red-greenblue system (Patrignani and Ochsner 2015; Campana et al 2023). It turns the color green into white with a smooth manual adjustment and produces the percentage of white pixels in a given frame that corresponds to the pixels that meet the selection criteria green canopy (Campana et al 2023).…”

“…The app can access the phone camera (mounted on a drone) and analyze and classify all pixels in the image using color values in the red-greenblue system (Patrignani and Ochsner 2015; Campana et al 2023). It turns the color green into white with a smooth manual adjustment and produces the percentage of white pixels in a given frame that corresponds to the pixels that meet the selection criteria green canopy (Campana et al 2023). The software Canopeo® permits rapid measurement and allows userfriendly measurements (Bourega et al 2023).…”

Non-Destructive Methods Used to Determine Forage Mass and Nutritional Condition in Tropical Pastures

“…In Festuca grass (Festuca arundinaceavar), Schaefer and Lamb [44] found that the combination of NDVI and height measurements obtained from a mounted vehicle resulted in accurate estimations of forage biomass. In Mombaça guinea grass, Campana et al [45] observed that an NDVI value of 0.83 indicated the appropriate time to initiate grazing. For this cultivar of Megathyrsus maximus, grazing is recommended when it reaches a height of 90 cm, corresponding to 95% light interception [9,46].…”

Canopeo app as image-based phenotyping tool in controlled environment utilizing Arabidopsis mutants

“…Canopeo has been used as a high-throughput phenotyping tool for measuring biomass traits of sorghum cultivars [ 19 ] and shoot biomass of twenty lentil lines [ 20 ]. Canopeo’s other novel applications include its usefulness as a tool for sensor-based yield prediction [ 21 – 24 ], investigating biomass partitioning [ 25 ], developing critical nitrogen dilution curves [ 26 ], making nitrogen rate recommendations [ 21 , 26 ], determining appropriate time to start grazing in tropical pasture management [ 27 ], and improving weed management programs [ 28 ]. However, Canopeo was not found useful for visually assessing symptoms of Verticillium wilt in potato [ 29 ].…”