Canine visceral leishmaniasis: a histopathological study of lymph nodes

Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Michalick, Marilene Suzan Marques; Melo, Maria Norma; Tafuri, Washington Luiz; Tafuri, Wagner Luiz

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.04.007

Cited by 59 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These findings strongly support the suggestion of other authors that the best diagnostic method in screening dogs for evidence of visceral leishmaniasis, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic animals, is the staining of lymph node tissue by immunohistochemical staining 13,20,29 . SANCHEZ et al 28 studied the parasite density in Giemsa-stained smears of mesenteric lymph node and concluded that it was similar in both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Canine visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in Amazonian Brazil: comparison of the parasite density from the skin, lymph node and visceral tissues between symptomatic and asymptomatic, seropositive dogs

Lima

Carneiro

Campos

et al. 2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is recognizable by characteristic signs of disease and is highly lethal. The infection, however, may be quite inapparent in some seropositive dogs, and this has raised the polemic question as to whether or not such animals can be a source of infection for Lutzomyia longipalpis, the vector of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL). In this study we have examined 51 dogs with acute CVL from an AVL area in Pará State, northern Brazil, and compared the parasite density, amastigotes of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi, in the skin, lymph node and viscera of symptomatic with that of nine asymptomatic but seropositive dogs (IFAT-IgG). Post-mortem biopsy fragments of these tissues were processed by immunohistochemistry, using a polyclonal antibody against Leishmania sp. The X² and Mann Whitney tests were used to evaluate the means of infected macrophage density (p < 0.05). There was no difference (p > 0.05) in the skin (10.7/mm² x 15.5/mm²) and lymph node (6.3/mm² x 8.3/mm²), between asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs, respectively. It was higher (p < 0.05), however, in the viscera of symptomatic (5.3/mm²) than it was in asymptomatic (1.4/mm²) dogs. These results strongly suggest that asymptomatic or symptomatic L. (L.) i. chagasi-infected dogs can serve as a source of infection, principally considering the highest (p < 0.05) parasite density from skin (10.7/mm² x 15.5/mm²), the place where the vetor L. longipalpis takes its blood meal, compared with those from lymph node (6.3/mm² x 8.3/mm²) and viscera (1.4/mm²x 5.3/mm²).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Canine visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in Amazonian Brazil: comparison of the parasite density from the skin, lymph node and visceral tissues between symptomatic and asymptomatic, seropositive dogs

Lima

Carneiro

Campos

et al. 2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…Na região cortical foram observados numerosos folículos linfóides secundários com centros germinativos reativos e infiltrado plasmocítico. Em estudo realizado em linfonodos provenientes de diversas regiões do corpo de cães infectados por L. chagasi (Lima et al 2004), foi observada linfadenopatia generalizada com maior proeminência nos linfonodos cervicais e poplíteos, histologicamente explicada pelo aumento do tamanho e do número dos folículos linfóides. Cães com LCV apresentaram maior reação medular dos linfonodos quando comparados com cães não-infectados (Giunchetti et al 2007).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Pesquisas recentes enfocam importantes alterações observadas nos estudos histopatológicos dos linfonodos de cães infectados por L. chagasi. (Keenan et al 1984, Martinez-Moreno et al 1993, Tafuri et al 2001, Lima et al 2004.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Os achados decorrentes das análises morfométricas da cápsula e seio subcapsular divergiram daqueles achados histopatológicos qualitativos, mostrando que estatisticamente o aumento na espessura de ambos os parâmetros analisados não foi significativo em nível de 5% (Quadro 3). Há relatos de que aproximadamente 96% das amostras analisadas de linfonodos de cães portadores de leishmaniose visceral apresentavam maior densidade da cápsula e presença de exsudato inflamatório crônico mononuclear associado à deposição de fibras colágenas (Lima et al 2004). Neste estudo, pode-se observar, também, no grupo infectado, deposição de fibras colágenas espessas, colágeno tipo I na cápsula do grupo infectado (Fig.2D).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Os resultados mostraram que há predomínio de cordões medulares no grupo infectado e a diminuição do seio medular neste grupo (Quadro 4). Linfonodos de cães infectados naturalmente por L. chagasi apresentam considerável hipertrofia de cordões medulares, provavelmente devido à hiperplasia histiocítica, linfóide (linfócitos B) e plasmocitária (Ferrer 2002, Lima 2004 das na LVH (Veress et al 1977) e em infecções experimentais em hamster (Corbett et al 1992). Apesar da avaliação histopatológica qualitativa de folículos linfóides dos cães portadores de leishmaniose visceral ter mostrado maior reatividade dos centros germinativos quando comparados com os cães sadios, as análises morfométricas comprovaram numericamente que não há diferença significativa em nível de 5% (p>0,05) (Quadro 5).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Análise histomorfométrica da matriz extracelular do linfonodo poplíteo de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (L.) chagasi

Kondo

Fonseca

Matta³

et al. 2009

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Nas Américas, a leishmaniose visceral canina é causada por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi, um protozoário intracelular obrigatório do sistema fagocítico mononuclear; as principais alterações histológicas associadas a essa doença ocorrem nos em órgãos linfóides. Apesar de o cão ser considerado o principal mantenedor e disseminador da leishmaniose no ambiente urbano, são escassos estudos dos aspectos histopatológicos e histomorfométricos, em cães naturalmente infectados com L. chagasi, que investiguem a interação entre o parasito e a matriz extracelular. Este estudo visou caracterizar e quantificar as alterações dos componentes celulares e da matriz extracelular (colágenos I e III) do linfonodo poplíteo de 22 cães com infecção natural por L. chagasi detectada através da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIF) e compará-las com as alterações encontradas no linfonodo poplíteo de 10 cães não-infectados, negativos na RIF e clinicamente saudáveis. Fragmentos dos linfonodos foram seccionados longitudinalmente, processados rotineiramente para exame histológico e corados por hematoxilina-eosina. Cortes adicionais do mesmo linfonodo incluídos em glicol metacrilato foram corados pelo azul de toluidina para histomorfometria. Linfonodos de cães infectados apresentaram linfadenopatia generalizada, aumento do tamanho e do número dos folículos linfóides, hipertrofia da cápsula e hiperplasia linfóide significativa. Nos linfonodos de cães do grupo infectado, a análise quantitativa de fibras colágenas mostrou significativo predomínio do colágeno I sobre o colágeno III. Esses resultados demonstram que cães infectados por L. chagasi apresentam degradação dos constituintes da matriz extracelular e conseqüente destruição do arcabouço linfóide, alterando a morfologia do órgão.
In the Americas, canine visceral leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi, an obligatory intracellular parasite of the phagocytic-monocytic system; the main histological changes associated with this disease occur in the lymphoid organs. Although dogs are considered to be the main carriers and disseminators of leishmaniasis in urban areas, there are few studies on the histopathologic and histomorphometric aspects in dogs naturally infected by L.chagasi analyzing the interaction between parasite and extracellular matrix. The current study characterize and quantify changes in the cellular and extracellular matrix (collagens type I and III) components of the popliteal lymph node from of 22 dogs with the natural infection by L. chagasi confirmed by indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA) and compare theses findings with those fund in the popliteal lymph node from 10 non-infected dogs, that reacted negative in the IFA, and were clinically healthy. Lymph node fragments were longitudinally sliced and sections were processed for routine histopathology and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. For histomorphometry, additional sections from the same lymph node were fixed in glycol methacrylate and stained with toluidine blue. Lymph nodes from affected d...

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Immune response pattern of the popliteal lymph nodes of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

et al. 2010

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The present study aimed to estimate the cell response and parasite load in the popliteal lymph nodes of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (VL), comparing these findings with the clinical staging of the disease. From the necropsy, 33 dogs were classified as symptomatic (S), asymptomatic (A), or oligosymptomatic (O). Cytology and histopathology were used to determine any presence of microscopic lesions and immunohistochemistry, for parasite load. Dog hyperimmune serum was used as the primary antibody. The inflammatory infiltrate in lymph nodes consisted of macrophages and plasmocytes. The granulomas invaded the trabecular and sinusoid regions and sometimes compressed the lymphocytes of the cortical region (atrophy) and medullary cord cells. Parasite load intensity was unrelated to the density of the macrophages infiltrating the lymph node. Significant differences in parasite load (P < 0.05) were observed between the three groups of infected dogs. Follicular hyperplasia of the cortical region occurred among A and O, while follicular atrophy predominated among S. The parasite load was the greatest among S, followed by O. It can be concluded that, regardless of clinical condition, the most evident cell response consisted of macrophages and plasmocytes. Lymphoid atrophy was observed among animals with intense granulomatous reaction and high parasite load, such as among the symptomatic dogs (P < 0.05). Likewise, the oligosymptomatic dogs also presented high density of parasites in the lymph nodes. Thus, we can confirm that dogs with clinical manifestations of VL have an immune system that is less effective for controlling infection by Leishmania chagasi, thereby favoring parasite multiplication.

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis: a histopathological study of lymph nodes

Cited by 59 publications

References 25 publications

Canine visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in Amazonian Brazil: comparison of the parasite density from the skin, lymph node and visceral tissues between symptomatic and asymptomatic, seropositive dogs

Canine visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in Amazonian Brazil: comparison of the parasite density from the skin, lymph node and visceral tissues between symptomatic and asymptomatic, seropositive dogs

Análise histomorfométrica da matriz extracelular do linfonodo poplíteo de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (L.) chagasi

Immune response pattern of the popliteal lymph nodes of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

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