Canine Parvovirus Type 2a (CPV-2a)-Induced Apoptosis in MDCK Involves Both Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Doley, Juwar; Singh, L. P.; Kumar, Girish; Sahoo, Aditya Prasad; Saxena, Lovleen; Chaturvedi, Uttara; Saxena, Shikha; Kumar, Rajiv; Singh, Prafull; Rajmani, R. S.; Santra, Lakshman; Palia, Sudesh Kumar; Tiwari, Sangeeta; Harish, Darasaguppe R.; Kumar, Arvind; Desai, G. S.; Gupta, Shashi Kant; Gupta, Shishir Kumar; Tiwari, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.1007/s12010-013-0538-y

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…All three variants (2a, 2b, and 2c) have been reported in South America since 2007, affecting young dogs from all breeds [ 12 - 16 ]. Immunochromatography tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nucleotide sequencing, and virus isolation in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells are commonly used to detect and characterize CPVs [ 17 - 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) based on the VP2 gene in affected domestic dogs in Ecuador

Torre¹,

Mafla²,

Puga³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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AimThe objective of this study was to determine the presence of the variants of canine parvovirus (CPV)-2 in the city of Quito, Ecuador, due to the high domestic and street-type canine population, and to identify possible mutations at a genetic level that could be causing structural changes in the virus with a consequent influence on the immune response of the hosts.Materials and MethodsThirty-five stool samples from different puppies with characteristic signs of the disease and positives for CPV through immunochromatography kits were collected from different veterinarian clinics of the city. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to determine the mutations in residue 426 of the VP2 gene, which determines the variants of CPV-2; in addition, four samples were chosen for complete sequencing of the VP2 gene to identify all possible mutations in the circulating strains in this region of the country.ResultsThe results revealed the presence of the three variants of CPV-2 with a prevalence of 57.1% (20/35) for CPV-2a, 8.5% (3/35) for CPV-2b, and 34.3% (12/35) for CPV-2c. In addition, complete sequencing of the VP2 gene showed amino acid substitutions in residues 87, 101, 139, 219, 297, 300, 305, 322, 324, 375, 386, 426, 440, and 514 of the three Ecuadorian variants when compared with the original CPV-2 sequence.ConclusionThis study describes the detection of CPV variants in the city of Quito, Ecuador. Variants of CPV-2 (2a, 2b, and 2c) have been reported in South America, and there are cases in Ecuador where CVP-2 is affecting even vaccinated puppies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) based on the VP2 gene in affected domestic dogs in Ecuador

Torre¹,

Mafla²,

Puga³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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“…Both pathways involve the sequential activation of caspases. Many studies have reported Doley et al 2014;Zhang et al 2018) that parvovirus infection usually induces Fig. 5 OMT decreases S-phase arrest induced by MVC infection at early stages of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxymatrine Inhibits Bocavirus MVC Replication, Reduces Viral Gene Expression and Decreases Apoptosis Induced by Viral Infection

Ding

Sun

et al. 2019

Virol. Sin.

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Oxymatrine (OMT), as the main active component of Sophoraflavescens, exhibits a variety of pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities, and currently is extensively employed to treat viral hepatitis; however, its effects on parvovirus infection have yet to be reported. In the present study, we investigated the effects of OMT on cell viability, virus DNA replication, viral gene expression, cell cycle, and apoptosis in Walter Reed canine cells/3873D infected with minute virus of canines (MVC). OMT, at concentrations below 4 mmol/ L(no cellular toxicity), was found to inhibit MVC DNA replication and reduce viral gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels, which was associated with the inhibition of cell cycle S-phase arrest in early-stage of MVC infection. Furthermore, OMT significantly increased cell viability, decreased MVC-infected cell apoptosis, and reduced the expression of activated caspase 3. Our results suggest that OMT has potential application in combating parvovirus infection.

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“…Apoptosis plays a predominant role in contributing to the pathogenic process of virus infection [21] and presents specific morphological and molecular changes, including chromatin margination, DNA fragmentation [22,23]. Previous studies showed that PPV infection induced PK-15 apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated pathway [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine parvovirus infection activates mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway by inducing ROS accumulation

Zhao

Xiang

Bai

et al. 2016

Virol J

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BackgroundPorcine parvovirus (PPV) infection primarily causes reproductive failure of pregnant swine and results in host cell death. Boars, as an important disseminator, shed PPV to sows via semen. PPV infects and numerously replicates in boar testicle, which results in damage of swine testicle in vivo. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a mediator of cell apoptosis, play a crucial role in the mitochondria apoptotic pathway. However, whether PPV infection induces ST cells apoptosis and ROS accumulation is still unclear.MethodsTo determine the effects of PPV infection on the apoptosis, we detected morphological changes, DNA ladder, activities of caspases, and expression of PARP in PPV-infected ST cells. Moreover, aiming to investigate the effect of PPV infection on the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and ROS accumulation, we detected the Δψm, apoptosis-related genes, and ROS. To investigate the role of ROS in the process of PPV-induced apoptosis, the ST cells were infected with PPV and treated with the ROS antioxidants. The ROS level was measured using Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit and the Δψm, expression level of Bcl-2, translocation of Bax, and redistribution of mitochondria cytochrome c were tested.ResultsIn this study, we demonstrated that PPV infection could induce apoptosis that was characterized by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation and activation of caspases. Moreover, PPV infection suppressed Bcl-2 expression, enhanced Bax expression and translocation to mitochondria, decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and triggered the release of cytochrome c, which caused the subsequent activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and initiation of apoptosis. However, during the process of PPV-induced apoptosis, the protein levels of Fas and FasL were not affected. Further studies showed that PPV infection caused ROS accumulation. Inhibition of ROS could reduce mitochondrial transmembrane potential and could significantly block ST cells apoptosis via suppressing Bax translocation, cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation.ConclusionsAll these results suggest that PPV-induced ROS accumulation mediates apoptosis in ST cells, which provided theoretical basis for the molecular pathogenesis of PPV infection.

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Canine Parvovirus Type 2a (CPV-2a)-Induced Apoptosis in MDCK Involves Both Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) based on the VP2 gene in affected domestic dogs in Ecuador

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) based on the VP2 gene in affected domestic dogs in Ecuador

Oxymatrine Inhibits Bocavirus MVC Replication, Reduces Viral Gene Expression and Decreases Apoptosis Induced by Viral Infection

Porcine parvovirus infection activates mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway by inducing ROS accumulation

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