Canine Gastric Carcinoma

Abstract

Immunohistochemical staining for cell cycle proteins and heat shock proteins was performed on 17 canine gastric carcinomas. The immunoexpression of p53, p21, p16, Hsp27, and Hsp70 was investigated. A study was conducted to determine the histological type and parameters related to tumor malignancy. Possible associations and trends were assessed between the immunoexpression of each protein and tumor type as well as specific parameters of malignancy. High intratumor frequency of cellular p53 immunostaining was observed (61.96% average), but lower frequencies of p21 and p16 expression were present (34.65% and 10.41%, respectively). The p53 overexpression was associated with tumor infiltration (P ¼ .0258). Expression of p21 was lower in undifferentiated carcinomas, and the loss of expression was associated with histopathological parameters characteristic of a poor prognosis such as lymphatic vessel invasion (P ¼ .0258). The lack of p16 immunoreactivity was related to histopathological characteristics of malignancy such as the presence of evident and multiple nucleoli (P ¼ .0475). In contrast, deep tumor infiltration was observed in those carcinomas with a high p16 index (P ¼ .0475). Hsp70 appeared to be overexpressed in all gastric neoplasms included in this study. This is in contrast to Hsp27, because a group of tumors showed complete lack of Hsp27 immunoexpression, whereas the others displayed extensive Hsp27 immunostaining. The differences in Hsp27 did not correlate with any of the histopathological parameters, but Hsp27 immunoexpression was higher in the undifferentiated carcinoma. No significant differences in the expression of the proteins were found in canine gastric carcinomas according to their histological type. These findings may be useful for establishing a prognosis for canine gastric carcinoma.

An immunohistochemical study of canine spontaneous gastric polyps

“…Carrasco et al [22] described p53-positive staining in approximately 94.1% of canine gastric carcinomas. Our results reinforce previous human studies in which p53 was only recognised in (pre)neoplastic components [9] rather than non-tumoral gastric mucosa [18] or GPs [8].…”

Hepatocyte expression and prognostic importance of senescence marker p21 in liver histopathology samples from dogs with chronic hepatitis

“…In addition to its role in determining prognosis in these cases, these findings add insight to the underlying pathophysiology of liver disease and might thereby facilitate the development of novel treatment strategies. To date, research in dogs has mainly focused on p21 expression in neoplasia19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25; however, no studies have previously investigated its relevance in dogs with liver disease. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether hepatocyte p21 expression is increased in CH in dogs and whether the degree of immunopositivity is associated with survival.…”

Oncolytic virotherapy in veterinary medicine: current status and future prospects for canine patients

“…In addition, p53 mutations in canine tumors are located within the exons similar to those reported in human genes [55], and mutations in conserved domains of p53 appear to play a significant role in mammary carcinogenesis in both humans and dogs [56]. Like in human tumors, the p53 gene is mutated in several canine cancers, including osteosarcoma [57], mammary tumors [58] and gastric carcinoma [59]. All these points suggest that canine and human p53 protein has similar biological functions which can be helpful in designing better therapeutic modalities against canine cancer.…”