Canine adiponectin: cDNA structure, mRNA expression in adipose tissues and reduced plasma levels in obesity

Ishioka, K.; Omachi, Asako; Sagawa, Mayumi; Shibata, Haruki; Honjoh, Tsutomu; Kimura, Kazuhiro; Saito, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.05.011

Cited by 84 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Validation study revealed high intra-assay reproducibility, dilution linearity and recovery for measurement of feline adiponectin using this kit. Based on these results, we concluded that this murine/rat adiponectin ELISA kit is available for feline adiponectin measurement as in the same case with canine adiponectin [8,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In a previous study, we validated the same ELISA kit for canine adiponectin, and measured plasma samples of normal and obese dogs [8,17]. Primary structure of feline adiponectin was highly homologous to those of murine (83%), rat (81%) and canine (89%) adiponectin as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of feline adiponectin: For measurement of the plasma concentrations of feline adiponectin, we validated murine/rat adiponectin ELISA kit (Otsuka, Tokyo, Japan), which had been validated and used for adiponectin assay in dogs [8,17]. We prepared the plasma samples from two cats with different body condition scores (BCSs, fivepoint scale).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We revealed that plasma leptin is a good index of adiposity in cats and dogs, and may be useful for quantitative assessment of obesity in small animal practice [7-9, 11, 19, 20]. In a previous paper, we analysed the molecular structure and the relationship to obesity of canine adiponectin as the next adipokine to investigate [8,17]. But adiponectin is closely related to pathophysiology of diabetes in humans, and the feline diabetes is very similar to that of humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Feline Adiponectin: Molecular Structures and Plasma Concentrations in Obese Cats

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. Adiponectin is an adipokine that is specifically expressed in adipose tissues, directly sensitizes the body to insulin via specific receptors and its decreased plasma concentration is responsible for insulin resistance in obese humans. Diabetes is an important problem also in veterinary medicine, and feline diabetes is very similar to human type 2 diabetes, in which obesity is an important risk factor. In the present study, We obtained cDNA clones corresponding to feline adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 (AD-R1), whose nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were highly identical to those of other species, especially, the extra-cellular domain of feline AD-R1 was almost identical to that of human AD-R1. Adiponectin mRNA was exclusively detected in the adipose tissue, but AD-R1 was in all tissues tested in this study. Next, plasma samples were collected from 22 cats visiting veterinary practices. They were divided to 2 groups based on a five-point scale body condition score (BCS), such as normal group (BCS ranged from 2.5 through 3.5) and obese group (BCS ranged from 4.0 through 5.0). Plasma adiponectin in obese cats (7.2 ± 1.5 µg/ml) was significantly lower than that of normal cats (18.0 ± 3.2 µg/ml). These results suggest that adiponectin may be responsible for insulin function also in the cat, and it can be a target molecule for treatment of obesity and diabetes in cats. KEY WORDS: adiponectin, AD-R1, diabetes, feline, obesity.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 71(2): 189-194, 2009 The adipose tissue has long been thought to be the site for energy storage and a target of various hormones, which regulate energy metabolism. However, recent studies have revealed that the adipose tissue itself is an active endocrine organ, which produces and secretes many polypeptides, collectively called as adipokines, such as leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and resistin [1]. For example, leptin is secreted from adipose tissues in response to changes in energy balance, acts on hypothalamus to regulate food intake and the neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling energy expenditure [4]. Adiponectin is an adipokine found at almost three-order higher concentrations in blood than other adipokines [6], and its plasma concentration decreases with body fat accumulation [2]. It is now recognized as one of the key adipokines responsible for obesity-associated atherosclerosis and insulin resistance (diabetes mellitus of type 2) in humans [2,3]. Recently, two isoforms of adiponectin receptors (AD-R1 and AD-R2) were determined by expression cloning, and they showed different tissue distributions. AD-R1 is expressed ubiquitously in most organs including skeletal muscle, and thought to be important to keep the insulin sensitivity. In obese people, it is suggested that reduced adiponectin induces insulin resistance, and it is the major pathophysiological factor of diabetes [12,21].In companion animal medicine, as in human medicine, obesity and diabetes mellitus are the most common nutritional/endocrinol...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline Adiponectin: Molecular Structures and Plasma Concentrations in Obese Cats

et al. 2009

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“…The relationship between adiposity and plasma adiponectin levels in dogs has yet to be unequivocally demonstrated, with some studies indicating an inverse relationship, [20][21][22][23] no relationship, [24][25][26] and even a positive relationship. 27,28 Four possible factors which may confound the relationship between adiposity and adiponectin concentration in dogs are neutering status, 29 type of obesity, 30 breed and gender, 27,28 and diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementing five-point body condition score with body fat percentage increases the sensitivity for assessing overweight status of small to medium sized dogs

Li¹,

Lee²,

Mori³

et al. 2012

VMRR

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Background and methods:Currently, five-point body condition scoring (BCS) is widely used by veterinarians and clinicians to assess adiposity in dogs in Japan. However, BCS score assignment is subjective in nature, and most clinicians do not score with half points, instead preferring to round off values, thereby rendering less accurate assessments. Therefore, we sought to determine whether assessing body fat percentage using simple morphometric measurements and supplementing this with five-point BCS can have increased sensitivity for detecting increasing adiposity in overweight small-medium sized dog breeds via plasma metabolite validation. Results: Overall, lean body fat percentage was determined to be 15%-22% for male (nonneutered/neutered) dogs and 15%-25% for female (nonspayed/spayed). Dogs categorized as overweight by BCS had significantly higher levels of nonesterified fatty acids (P = 0.005), whereas animals categorized as overweight by BCS + body fat percentage were observed to have significantly higher levels of nonesterified fatty acids (P = 0.006), total cholesterol (P = 0.029), and triglycerides (P = 0.001) than lean animals. The increased sensitivity due to body fat percentage for gauging alterations in plasma metabolite levels may be due to increased correlation strength. Body fat percentage correlated positively with plasma insulin (r = 0.627, P = 0.002), nonesterified fatty acids (r = 0.674, P , 0.001), total cholesterol (r = 0.825, P , 0.0001), triglycerides (r = 0.5823, P , 0.005), blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.429, P , 0.05), creatinine (r = 0.490, P = 0.021), and total protein (r = 0.737, P , 0.0001) levels, which all tend to increase as a result of increasing adiposity. Conclusion: Supplementing body fat percentage with five-point BCS appears to increase the likelihood of validating overweight status in small-medium sized dog breeds by detecting changes in plasma metabolite levels, especially lipids, induced as a result of increasing adiposity.

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Dietary Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Secretion of Adiponectin and Interleukin‐6 in Primary Canine Adipose Tissue Culture

Mazaki‐Tovi

Bolin

Schenck

2018

Lipids

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on canine adipose tissue secretion of adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Subcutaneous and omental visceral adipose tissue samples were collected from 16 healthy intact female dogs. Concentrations of adiponectin were measured in mature adipocyte cultures, and concentrations of IL6 and TNFα were measured in undifferentiated stromovascular cell (SVC) cultures following treatment with eicosapentaenic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6), or palmitic acid (PAM, 16:0) at 25, 50, or 100 μM. Secretion of adiponectin from mature adipocytes was higher (p < 0.001) following EPA treatment at 50 μM compared to control in subcutaneous tissue, and higher following EPA treatment compared to PAM treatment at 25 μM in both subcutaneous (p < 0.001) and visceral tissues (p = 0.010). Secretion of IL6 from SVC derived from subcutaneous tissue was lower following EPA treatment and higher following PAM treatment compared to control both at 50 μM (p = 0.001 and p = 0.041, respectively) and 100 μM (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001, respectively). These findings of stimulation of adiponectin secretion and inhibition of IL6 secretion by EPA, and stimulation of IL6 secretion by PAM, are consistent with findings of increased circulating concentrations of adiponectin and decreased circulating concentration of IL6 in dogs supplemented with dietary fish oil, and show that the effect of fish oil on circulating concentrations of adiponectin and IL6 is, at least partially, the result of local effects of EPA and PAM on adipose tissue.

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Canine adiponectin: cDNA structure, mRNA expression in adipose tissues and reduced plasma levels in obesity

Cited by 84 publications

References 15 publications

Feline Adiponectin: Molecular Structures and Plasma Concentrations in Obese Cats

Feline Adiponectin: Molecular Structures and Plasma Concentrations in Obese Cats

Supplementing five-point body condition score with body fat percentage increases the sensitivity for assessing overweight status of small to medium sized dogs

Dietary Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Secretion of Adiponectin and Interleukin‐6 in Primary Canine Adipose Tissue Culture

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