Candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults: A narrative review

Antinori, Spinello; Milazzo, Laura; Sollima, Salvatore; Galli, Massimo; Corbellino, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2016.06.029

Cited by 190 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…While CK is 1 of 5 Candida species composing >90% of all isolates, it is also the least common of these [1]. We found CK to constitute 3.2% of all Candida BSI at our institution, which is consistent with a previously published range of 0.9%–10% [7, 12, 16–18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Candida bloodstream infection (BSI) is the most common form of invasive candidiasis, the fourth leading cause of bloodstream infections in the United States, and the most common nosocomial BSI with non- albicans BSI, constituting a larger proportion of total infections in recent decades [1–3]. These species include C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei (CK).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creation and Assessment of a Clinical Predictive Calculator and Mortality Associated With Candida krusei Bloodstream Infections

Kronen

Hsueh²,

Lin

et al. 2018

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Candida krusei bloodstream infection (CK BSI) is associated with high mortality, but whether this is due to underlying comorbidities in affected patients or the organism itself is unknown. Identifying patient characteristics that are associated with CK BSI is crucial for clinical decision-making and prognosis.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients with Candida BSI at our institution between 2002 and 2015. Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, medications, procedures, central lines, vital signs, and laboratory values. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to identify risk factors associated with CK and mortality, respectively.ResultsWe identified 1873 individual patients who developed Candida BSI within the study period, 59 of whom had CK BSI. CK BSI was predicted by hematologic malignancy, gastric malignancy, neutropenia, and the use of prophylactic azole antifungals, monoclonal antibodies, and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. The C-statistic was 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.81–0.91). The crude mortality rates were 64.4% for CK BSI and 41.4% for non-CK BSI. Although CK was associated with higher mortality in univariable Cox regression, this relationship was no longer significant with the addition of the following confounders: lymphoma, neutropenia, glucocorticoid use, chronic liver disease, and elevated creatinine.ConclusionsSix patient comorbidities predicted the development of CK BSI with high accuracy. Although patients with CK BSI have higher crude mortality rates than patients with non-CK BSI, this difference is not significant when accounting for other patient characteristics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and Assessment of a Clinical Predictive Calculator and Mortality Associated With Candida krusei Bloodstream Infections

Kronen

Hsueh²,

Lin

et al. 2018

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…As a previous study pointed out, different frequencies of isolation of each Candida spp. depend on local factors, such as the population involved, geographical region, and previous anti-fungal exposure [40]. As our hospital is a tertiary referral center, patients’ population comprised mixed patients such as patients admitted through emergency room, patients with sold and hematological malignancies, and patients undergoing surgeries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Blood Stream Infection due to Candida Species in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan over 12 Years: Importance of Peripheral Line-Associated Candidemia

et al. 2016

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BackgroundCandidemia is an important cause of mortality in healthcare settings. Peripheral lines are a source of candidemia, yet few studies have reported on the clinico-epidemiological features of candidemia due to peripheral-line associated blood stream infection (PLABSI).MethodsWe conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study of all patients with candidemia between 2002 and 2013. PLABSI was defined as the presence of at least one of the following: the presence of phlebitis or the resolution of clinical symptoms after peripheral-line withdrawal, with careful exclusion of an alternative explanation for bacteraemia. We described the epidemiology of candidemia and assessed predictive factors of PLABSI due to Candida spp., peripheral line-associated candidemia (PLAC), compared with non-PLAC.ResultsA total of 301 episodes of candidemia, including 37 of PLAC, were diagnosed during the study period. Central-line associated blood stream infection, intra-abdominal infection, and infection of unknown source accounted for the remaining 233, 14, and 17 cases, respectively. The overall incidence rate of candidemia was 0.11/1000 patient-days. In multivariate analysis, cephalosporin exposure (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22, 95% CI 1.04–4.77), polymicrobial bacteraemia/fungaemia (OR = 2.87, 95% CI 1.02–8.10), and ID specialist consultation (OR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.13–5.13) were identified as independent predictors of PLAC. Although non-PLAC had a higher mortality, the length of hospital stay after candidemia was similar between the two groups and candidemia duration was longer in the PLAC group.ConclusionPLACs are an important cause of candidemia in hospitalized patients. Appropriate identification and management of PLAC are crucial.

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“…Гриби Candida входять до нормальної мікро-флори людини. З кожним роком кількість хворих на кандидоз зростає, що пов'язано з нераціональним використанням антибіотиків, гормонів та інших пре-паратів, а також погіршенням екології та послаблен-ням імунітету в наслідок розвитку таких захво-рювань, як цукровий діабет, ВІЛ та інші [1,2]. Виділяють наступні форми кандидозу: поверхневий, вісцеральний, хронічний, вторинний або алергійний.…”

Section: вступunclassified

Scientific and experimental substantiation of the technology for antigens of candida fungi purification

Rybalkin¹,

Стрельніков²

2017

ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science

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Candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults: A narrative review

Cited by 190 publications

References 86 publications

Creation and Assessment of a Clinical Predictive Calculator and Mortality Associated With Candida krusei Bloodstream Infections

Creation and Assessment of a Clinical Predictive Calculator and Mortality Associated With Candida krusei Bloodstream Infections

Epidemiology of Blood Stream Infection due to Candida Species in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan over 12 Years: Importance of Peripheral Line-Associated Candidemia

Scientific and experimental substantiation of the technology for antigens of candida fungi purification

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