Candida Endophthalmitis After Tattooing in an Asplenic Patient

Αλεξανδρίδου, Αναστασία; Reginald, Aaron Y.; Stavrou, P; Kirkby, G R

doi:10.1001/archopht.120.4.518

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A few cases of leprosy after tattooing in India were caused by insufficiently hygienic conditions during the tattooing process, which had been performed by roadside tattooists. There was only one report on cutaneous fungal infections in the literature reviewed [45] and a ophthalmologic report of a 40-year-old asplenic man with Candida albicans endophthalmitis of the right eye 1 week after tattooing [46]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Reactions after Tattooing: Review of the Literature and Comparison to Results of a Survey

et al. 2013

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The number of tattooed people has substantially increased in the past years. Surveys in different countries reveal this to be up to 24% of the population. The number of reported adverse reactions after tattooing has also increased including infections, granulomatous and allergic reactions and tumors. However, the case reports do not reflect the frequency of adverse reactions. This review compares the medically documented adverse reactions published in 1991-2011 with the findings of a nation-wide survey that recently revealed the features and health problems associated with tattoos. To compare the data with the survey, the sex of patients was reported and the location and color of tattoos were evaluated. The results show clearly that colored tattoo inks are mainly responsible for adverse skin reactions and that tattoos on the extremities are involved most.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Reactions after Tattooing: Review of the Literature and Comparison to Results of a Survey

et al. 2013

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“…The great majority of patients are infected parenterally1 and more than half of patients are immunocompromised 11. Reports of endogenous Candida endophthalmitis in patients with no apparent predisposing risk are anecdotal,12 but one case was reported arising soon after skin tattooing in a patient with asplenia 13. Outcomes are often poor with one-third of patients developing severe visual loss (Snellen worse than 6/60) 14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EndogenousCandidaendophthalmitis and osteomyelitis associated with CARD9 deficiency

et al. 2016

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A 25-year-old woman presented with unilateral red eye and visual blur, and was found to have panuveitis with an inflammatory white mass at the macula, initially presumed to be Toxoplasma retinitis. After failure to respond, she underwent vitrectomy, which produced Candida albicans. Despite intraocular and systemic antifungal treatment, she lost all vision in that eye. Two years later, she developed unilateral hip osteomyelitis leading to total hip replacement and also revealing Candida infection. By clinical exome sequencing, she was then found to have caspase recruitment domain 9 (CARD9) deficiency, an autosomal recessive disorder that causes a specific susceptibility to candidal infections. She remains otherwise well but on lifelong fluconazole prophylaxis.

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“…However, these minor skin lesions can be portals of entry for certain fungi, especially among immunocompromised persons. There has been at least one case each of cutaneous zygomycosis and Candida endophthalmitis associated with tattooing [118,119]. Necrotizing auricular aspergillosis that developed after ear piercing in a young female leukemic patient with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia has been reported [120].…”

Section: Lifestyle and Ifismentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupation, Lifestyle, Diet, and Invasive Fungal Infections

Sipsas

Kontoyiannis

2008

Infection

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Many professions, especially those involving outdoor activities, are associated with increased environmental exposure to pathogenic fungi and, subsequently, increased risk of IFIs. Inhalation and direct inoculation through minor skin lesions are the most common mechanisms of fungal infection. In addition, different lifestyle practices, such as smoking tobacco or marijuana, body piercing, tattooing, use of illicit intravenous drugs, and pet ownership, various outdoor leisure activities, such as gardening, camping, spelunking, and hunting, and traveling to endemic areas are associated with an increased risk of IFIs. Finally, some modern diet habits dictate the consumption of food or herbal products harboring pathogenic fungi or fungal toxins, which may cause IFIs in susceptible individuals.

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Candida Endophthalmitis After Tattooing in an Asplenic Patient

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Adverse Reactions after Tattooing: Review of the Literature and Comparison to Results of a Survey

Adverse Reactions after Tattooing: Review of the Literature and Comparison to Results of a Survey

EndogenousCandidaendophthalmitis and osteomyelitis associated with CARD9 deficiency

Occupation, Lifestyle, Diet, and Invasive Fungal Infections

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