Cancer Statistics 1972

Silverberg, Edwin; Holleb, Arthur I.

doi:10.3322/canjclin.22.1.2

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…COMMENT Many compounds of varying toxicity have been used as chemopreventive agents in several animal tumor models, but the results of these studies have often been inconclusive or contradictory. Two basic mechanisms of action have been proposed for these agents: (1) an alteration of the metabolism of the carcinogen by decreased activation and/ or increased detoxification; and (2) the scavenging of active molecular species of the carcinogens to prevent them from reaching critical target sites in the cells. 10 The exertion of this scavenging effect thereby protecting the cells from attack has been the rationale for the chemopreventive use of antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid and alpha tocopherol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants vs Carotenoids

Colacchio

Memoli²,

Hildebrandt³

1989

Arch Surg

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants vs Carotenoids

Colacchio

Memoli²,

Hildebrandt³

1989

Arch Surg

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“…Neoplasms of the ovary rank only behind those of lung, breast, and pancreas as the most frequent cause of cancer death in American women: I 1,600 deaths from it are expected in 1 986. 46 It has long been believed that the initial management Tumor debulking at initial surgery now is standard practice although there is no general agreement whether such surgery should include an extensive bowel resection.43y47 However, the value of cytoreductive surgery still is questioned by some. 48 Although originally in routine use, postoperative external-beam radiation therapy now has been largely replaced by chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraperitoneal chromic phosphate therapy after second-look laparotomy for ovarian cancer

Varia

Rosenman

Venkatraman

et al. 1988

Cancer

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Between 1973 and 1985, 118 patients in clinical remission after initial surgery and postoperative chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian carcinoma underwent second-look laparotomy at the University of North Carolina. No evidence of disease (NED) was found in 57 of these patients; 43 patients received 15 mCi of radioactive chromic phosphate (32P) suspension given intraperitoneally in the immediate postoperative period. In 29 other patients, only microscopic or minimal residual disease (nodules less than 2 cm in size) was found, seven received 32P alone, ten received 32P and further chemotherapy, and 12 received chemotherapy alone. The 4-year postsecond-look survival of the patients with NED at second-look was 89% for those receiving 32P and 67% for those who had not. The respective figures for patients with minimal residual disease at second-look are 59% versus 22%. Irrespective of treatment, a group at high risk for failure after negative second-look laparotomy has been identified; those with an initial International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage greater than I and histologic grade greater than 1. A comparison of our data with 18 previously published series, indicates that use of postsecond-look intraperitoneal 32P can improve the progression-free interval, and possibly overall survival, of patients with NED or minimal residual disease without adding significant complications.

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“…Figure shows the changes in the mortality rate of prostate cancer in the USA between 1970 and 2018, and in Japan between 1958 and 2018 . The changes in this rate also differ markedly between the USA and Japan, possibly due to differences in screening exposure and screening policy.…”

Section: Recent Trends In the Incidence And Mortality Of Prostate Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

et al. 2019

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Differences in the incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer between the USA and Japan have been decreasing over time, and were only twofold in 2017. Therefore, countermeasures against prostate cancer could be very important not only in Western countries, but also in developed Asian countries. Screening for prostate cancer in the general population using transrectal ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and/or prostate acid phosphatase began in Japan in the early 1980s, and screening with prostate‐specific antigen and digital rectal examination has been widespread in the USA since the late 1980s. Large‐ and mid‐scale randomized controlled trials on screening for prostate cancer began around 1990 in the USA, Canada and Europe. However, most of these studies failed as randomized controlled trials because of high contamination in the control arm, low compliance in the screening arm or insufficient screening setting about screening frequency and/or biopsy indication. The best available level 1 evidence is data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer and the Göteborg screening study. However, several non‐urological organizations and lay media around the world have mischaracterized the efficacy of prostate‐specific antigen screening. To avoid long‐term confusion about screening for prostate cancer, leading professional urological organizations, including the Japanese Urological Association, are moving toward the establishment of an optimal screening system that minimizes the drawbacks of overdetection, overtreatment and loss of quality of life due to treatment, and maximizes reductions in the risk of death as a result of prostate cancer and the development of metastatic prostate cancer.

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Cancer Statistics 1972

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Antioxidants vs Carotenoids

Antioxidants vs Carotenoids

Intraperitoneal chromic phosphate therapy after second-look laparotomy for ovarian cancer

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

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