Cancer risk in relationship to different indicators of adult socioeconomic position in Turin, Italy

Spadea, Teresa; Zengarini, Nicolás; Kunst, Anton E.; Zanetti, Roberto; Rosso, Stefano; Costa, Giuseppe

doi:10.1007/s10552-010-9539-0

Cited by 38 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Our findings on the inter-relationship between area deprivation and education show the synergistic effect of area and individual SES measured by education and are consistent with others focusing on cancer [22] and lung function [40]. Consistent with others we too found, low education level and high deprivation was associated with increased lung and UADT cancer risk in males and the risk order implied greater influence of education [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Consistent with others we too found, low education level and high deprivation was associated with increased lung and UADT cancer risk in males and the risk order implied greater influence of education [22]. For females, being educated to some extent mitigated the effects of living in a deprived area; likewise living in an affluent area mitigated the effect of no education.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For females, being educated to some extent mitigated the effects of living in a deprived area; likewise living in an affluent area mitigated the effect of no education. Given these cancers are largely driven by smoking and alcohol behaviours, which are both more prevalent among the more deprived [10] implies that social and cultural aspects of SES are important in uptake and continuation of smoking and alcohol consumption [22]. Education level captures the impact of socioeconomic and cultural circumstances at an early age when adopting the habit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, all cancer, lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer mortality by country of birth showed higher mortality for all cancer and lung cancer among people born in Scotland [20]; [21]. Few studies have assessed the association with cancer incidence of both area and individual SES variables along with marriage status and country of birth [22]; [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Socioeconomic Factors and Cancer Risk: A Population Cohort Study in Scotland (1991-2006)

et al. 2014

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BackgroundLung and upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancer risk are associated with low socioeconomic circumstances and routinely measured using area socioeconomic indices. We investigated effect of country of birth, marital status, one area deprivation measure and individual socioeconomic variables (economic activity, education, occupational social class, car ownership, household tenure) on risk associated with lung, UADT and all cancer combined (excluding non melanoma skin cancer).MethodsWe linked Scottish Longitudinal Study and Scottish Cancer Registry to follow 203,658 cohort members aged 15+ years from 1991–2006. Relative risks (RR) were calculated using Poisson regression models by sex offset for person-years of follow-up.Results21,832 first primary tumours (including 3,505 lung, 1,206 UADT) were diagnosed. Regardless of cancer, economically inactivity (versus activity) was associated with increased risk (male: RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.10–1.18; female: RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.11). For lung cancer, area deprivation remained significant after full adjustment suggesting the area deprivation cannot be fully explained by individual variables. No or non degree qualification (versus degree) was associated with increased lung risk; likewise for UADT risk (females only). Occupational social class associations were most pronounced and elevated for UADT risk. No car access (versus ownership) was associated with increased risk (excluding all cancer risk, males). Renting (versus home ownership) was associated with increased lung cancer risk, UADT cancer risk (males only) and all cancer risk (females only). Regardless of cancer group, elevated risk was associated with no education and living in deprived areas.ConclusionsDifferent and independent socioeconomic variables are inversely associated with different cancer risks in both sexes; no one socioeconomic variable captures all aspects of socioeconomic circumstances or life course. Association of multiple socioeconomic variables is likely to reflect the complexity and multifaceted nature of deprivation as well as the various roles of these dimensions over the life course.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Socioeconomic Factors and Cancer Risk: A Population Cohort Study in Scotland (1991-2006)

et al. 2014

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“…At the same time, testis cancer is much more common in developed contest, thus the second men factor loading can be interpreted as a "social" factor, and positively associated with cancer more present in lower socioeconomic group, assuming higher values in poorer regions. Many studies conducted in all Western countries have reported large social inequalities in health, using a variety of socioeconomic indicators and including both general health and disease-specific outcomes (Spadea et al 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian factor analysis for spatially correlated data: application to cancer incidence data in Scotland

Mezzetti

2011

Stat Methods Appl

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A hierarchical Bayesian factor model for multivariate spatially correlated data is proposed. Multiple cancer incidence data in Scotland are jointly analyzed, looking for common components, able to detect etiological factors of diseases hidden behind the data. The proposed method searches factor scores incorporating a dependence within observations due to a geographical structure. The great flexibility of the Bayesian approach allows the inclusion of prior opinions about adjacent regions having highly correlated observable and latent variables. The proposed model is an extension of a model proposed by Rowe (2003a) and starts from the introduction of separable covariance matrix for the observations. A Gibbs sampling algorithm is implemented to sample from the posterior distributions.

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Occupational class and male cancer incidence: Nationwide, multicenter, hospital‐based case–control study in Japan

Zaitsu

Kaneko

Takeuchi³

et al. 2019

Cancer Medicine

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Little is known about socioeconomic inequalities in male cancer incidence in nonwestern settings. Using the nationwide clinical and occupational inpatient data (1984‐2016) in Japan, we performed a multicentered, matched case–control study with 214 123 male cancer cases and 1 026 247 inpatient controls. Based on the standardized national classifications, we grouped patients’ longest‐held occupational class (blue‐collar, service, professional, manager), cross‐classified by industrial cluster (blue‐collar, service, white‐collar). Using blue‐collar workers in blue‐collar industries as the referent group, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by conditional logistic regression with multiple imputation, matched for age, admission date, and admitting hospital. Smoking and alcohol consumption were additionally adjusted. Across all industries, a reduced risk with higher occupational class (professionals and managers) was observed for stomach and lung cancer. Even after controlling for smoking and alcohol consumption, the reduced odds persisted: OR of managers in white‐collar industries was 0.80 (95% CI 0.72‐0.90) for stomach cancer, and OR of managers in white‐collar industries was 0.66 (95% CI 0.55‐0.79) for lung cancer. In white‐collar industries, higher occupational class men tended to have lower a reduced risk for most common types of cancer, with the exception of professionals who showed an excess risk for prostate cancer. We documented socioeconomic inequalities in male cancer incidence in Japan, which could not be explained by smoking and alcohol consumption.

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Cancer risk in relationship to different indicators of adult socioeconomic position in Turin, Italy

Abstract: Different socioeconomic indicators pinpoint to a series of specific risk factors that are related to specific phases of the life course. Individual level data, rather than ecological data, is preferred to accurately monitor social inequalities in cancer risk.

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Association between Socioeconomic Factors and Cancer Risk: A Population Cohort Study in Scotland (1991-2006)

Association between Socioeconomic Factors and Cancer Risk: A Population Cohort Study in Scotland (1991-2006)

Bayesian factor analysis for spatially correlated data: application to cancer incidence data in Scotland

Occupational class and male cancer incidence: Nationwide, multicenter, hospital‐based case–control study in Japan

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